{"title":"Sulfated vitamin D metabolites represent prominent roles in serum and in breastmilk of lactating women","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Concentrations of vitamin D (VitD) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in breastmilk are low despite the essential role of VitD for normal infant bone development, yet additional metabolic forms of vitamin D may be present. This study evaluates the contribution of sulfated vitamin D metabolites, vitamin D<sub>3</sub>-sulfate (VitD<sub>3</sub>-S) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub>-sulfate (25OHD<sub>3</sub>-S) for lactating women and assesses the response to high-dose VitD<sub>3</sub> supplementation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Serum and breastmilk were measured before and after 28 days with 5000 IU/day VitD<sub>3</sub> intake in 20 lactating women. Concentrations of VitD<sub>3</sub>-S and 25OHD<sub>3</sub>-S in milk, and 25OHD<sub>2</sub>, 25OHD<sub>3</sub>, 25OHD<sub>3</sub>-S, VitD<sub>3</sub> and VitD<sub>3</sub>-S in serum were determined by mass spectrometry.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Baseline vitamin D status was categorized as sufficient (mean ± SD serum 25OHD<sub>3</sub> 69 ± 19 nmol/L), and both serum VitD<sub>3</sub> and 25OHD<sub>3</sub> increased following supplementation (<em>p</em> < 0.001). 25OHD<sub>3</sub>-S was 91 ± 19 nmol/L in serum and 0.47 ± 0.09 nmol/L in breastmilk. VitD<sub>3</sub>-S concentrations were 2.92 ± 0.70 nmol/L in serum and 6.4 ± 3.9 nmol/L in breastmilk. Neither sulfated metabolite significantly changed with supplementation in either serum or breastmilk.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Sulfated vitamin D metabolites have prominent roles for women during lactation with 25OHD<sub>3</sub>-S highly abundant in serum and VitD<sub>3</sub>-S distinctly abundant in breastmilk. These data support the notion that 25OHD<sub>3</sub>-S and VitD<sub>3</sub>-S may have physiological relevance during lactation and nutritional usage for nursing infants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10517,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261561424002371/pdfft?md5=799207126f1c26f6f09a235534a3763f&pid=1-s2.0-S0261561424002371-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261561424002371","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background
Concentrations of vitamin D (VitD) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in breastmilk are low despite the essential role of VitD for normal infant bone development, yet additional metabolic forms of vitamin D may be present. This study evaluates the contribution of sulfated vitamin D metabolites, vitamin D3-sulfate (VitD3-S) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-sulfate (25OHD3-S) for lactating women and assesses the response to high-dose VitD3 supplementation.
Methods
Serum and breastmilk were measured before and after 28 days with 5000 IU/day VitD3 intake in 20 lactating women. Concentrations of VitD3-S and 25OHD3-S in milk, and 25OHD2, 25OHD3, 25OHD3-S, VitD3 and VitD3-S in serum were determined by mass spectrometry.
Results
Baseline vitamin D status was categorized as sufficient (mean ± SD serum 25OHD3 69 ± 19 nmol/L), and both serum VitD3 and 25OHD3 increased following supplementation (p < 0.001). 25OHD3-S was 91 ± 19 nmol/L in serum and 0.47 ± 0.09 nmol/L in breastmilk. VitD3-S concentrations were 2.92 ± 0.70 nmol/L in serum and 6.4 ± 3.9 nmol/L in breastmilk. Neither sulfated metabolite significantly changed with supplementation in either serum or breastmilk.
Conclusions
Sulfated vitamin D metabolites have prominent roles for women during lactation with 25OHD3-S highly abundant in serum and VitD3-S distinctly abundant in breastmilk. These data support the notion that 25OHD3-S and VitD3-S may have physiological relevance during lactation and nutritional usage for nursing infants.
期刊介绍:
Clinical Nutrition, the official journal of ESPEN, The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, is an international journal providing essential scientific information on nutritional and metabolic care and the relationship between nutrition and disease both in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Published bi-monthly, each issue combines original articles and reviews providing an invaluable reference for any specialist concerned with these fields.