Evaluation of Depression, Self-esteem, Anxiety, and Dermatological Quality of Life Index in Adolescent Acne Patients: A Case-Control Study.

Abstract

Objectives: Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition that affects adolescents and can have a significant impact on their mental health. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the depression and anxiety symptoms, self-esteem and dermatological quality of life indexes of adolescent patients with acne vulgaris.

Methods: A total of 160 patients aged between 10 and 19 years with acne vulgaris and 100 healthy controls were included in the study. All participants completed the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale (RADS), Beck Adolescent Anxiety Scale (BAAS), and Coopersmith Self-Esteem Survey Scale (CSES), alone and independently. The dermatologists evaluated the acne disease severity of the study group using the Global Acne Grading System, while the Children's Dermatological Quality of Life Index (CDLQI) was evaluated in the same group. Age, gender, and scale results of all participants were recorded on case report forms for further analysis.

Results: The study group had significantly higher RADS (27.5% vs 12.5%, p=0.003) and BAAS scores (80% vs 64%, p=0.001) than the control group. The percentage of patients with CSES scores below 20 in the study group was significantly higher than the control group (p=0.001). Higher RADS and BAAS scores were associated with higher CDLQI scores (p=0.001, p=0.001, respectively), while higher CSES scores were associated with lower CDLQI scores (p=0.001).

Conclusion: The study shows that acne vulgaris has a significant impact on the depression, anxiety, and self-esteem levels of adolescent patients. Dermatologists should pay attention to the psychological well-being of patients and provide psychiatric evaluation if necessary.