Preparation of a novel type I feline coronavirus virus-like particle vaccine and its immunogenicity in mice and cats

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Microbial pathogenesis Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI:10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106795

Qun Zhou , Xin Song , Yan Li , Jian Huang , Qi-sheng Yu , Gu-nan Den , Jia-qi Zhang , Chen-xi Zhu , Bin Zhang

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Abstract

Feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection is a leading cause of death in cats. In this study, we produced FCoV–I virus-like particles (VLPs) containing E, M, N, and S proteins using a baculovirus expression system and mixed VLPs with the adjuvants MF59 and CpG 55.2 to prepare an VLP/MF59/CpG vaccine. After immunization of mice with the vaccine, IgG specific antibodies titers against S and N proteins increased to 1:12,800, and IFN-γ⁺ and IL-4⁺ splenocytes were significantly increased. Following immunization of FCoV-negative cats, the S protein antibodies in immunized cats (5/5) increased significantly, with a peak of 1:12,800. Notably, after booster vaccination in FCoV-positive cats, a significant reduction in viral load was observed in the feces of partial cats (4/5), and the FCoV–I negative conversion was found in two immunized cats (2/5). Therefore, the VLP/MF59/CpG vaccine is a promising candidate vaccine to prevent the FCoV infection.

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新型 I 型猫冠状病毒病毒样颗粒疫苗的制备及其在小鼠和猫中的免疫原性。

猫冠状病毒（FCoV）感染是导致猫死亡的主要原因。在这项研究中，我们利用杆状病毒表达系统制备了含有E、M、N和S蛋白的FCoV-I病毒样颗粒（VLPs），并将VLPs与佐剂MF59和CpG 55.2混合制备成VLP/MF59/CpG疫苗。小鼠免疫该疫苗后，针对 S 蛋白和 N 蛋白的 IgG 特异性抗体滴度升至 1:12,800，IFN-γ+ 和 IL-4+ 脾细胞显著增加。免疫 FCoV 阴性猫后，免疫猫（5/5）的 S 蛋白抗体显著增加，峰值为 1:12,800。值得注意的是，在对 FCoV 阳性猫进行加强免疫后，观察到部分猫（4/5）粪便中的病毒载量明显减少，并且在两只免疫猫（2/5）中发现 FCoV-I 阴性转化。因此，VLP/MF59/CpG 疫苗是一种很有前景的预防 FCoV 感染的候选疫苗。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Microbial pathogenesis 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

2.60%

发文量

472

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Microbial Pathogenesis publishes original contributions and reviews about the molecular and cellular mechanisms of infectious diseases. It covers microbiology, host-pathogen interaction and immunology related to infectious agents, including bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa. It also accepts papers in the field of clinical microbiology, with the exception of case reports. Research Areas Include: -Pathogenesis -Virulence factors -Host susceptibility or resistance -Immune mechanisms -Identification, cloning and sequencing of relevant genes -Genetic studies -Viruses, prokaryotic organisms and protozoa -Microbiota -Systems biology related to infectious diseases -Targets for vaccine design (pre-clinical studies)