Activation of bystander CD8+ T cells in a pediatric patient with acute hepatitis E.

IF 2.7 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY
Immunological Medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-16 DOI:10.1080/25785826.2024.2378542
Atsushi Morita, Kazuo Imagawa, Tomoya Iwasaki, Katsuyuki Yaita, Aiko Sakai, Hidetoshi Takada
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Most children with acute hepatitis A virus (HAV) or hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection are asymptomatic. Bystander CD8+ T-cell activation has garnered attention owing to its possible pathophysiological role in adult hepatitis. However, no reports have studied it in pediatric hepatitis. Herein, we describe the case of a three-year-old girl with acute hepatitis by HEV genotype 1. She had a history of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, and HEV hepatitis occurred shortly after asymptomatic HAV infection. Peripheral immunophenotyping revealed activation of non-HEV-specific CD8+ T cells which include EBV-specific and CMV-specific CD8+ T cells, during the acute phase. While alanine-aminotransferase levels declined after admission, the total number of activated CD8+ T cells increased for four days after admission and decreased thereafter. In contrast, activation of EBV-specific and CMV-specific CD8+ T cells was almost at the maximal level at the time of admission, which suggest development of activated bystander CD8+ T cells in the early stage. This case highlights the significance of the bystander CD8+ T-cell activation even in pediatric hepatitis and the size of the CD8+ T cell memory pool in the individuals for the development of hepatitis, given the patient's history of infections with EBV, CMV and HAV.

急性戊型肝炎儿科患者的旁观者 CD8+ T 细胞活化。
大多数感染急性甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)或戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)的儿童都没有症状。由于旁观者 CD8+ T 细胞活化在成人肝炎中可能起着病理生理作用,因此备受关注。然而,目前还没有关于小儿肝炎的研究报告。在此,我们描述了一例由 HEV 基因型 1 引起的急性肝炎的三岁女孩。她有爱泼斯坦-巴氏病毒(EBV)和巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染史,HEV 肝炎发生在无症状 HAV 感染后不久。外周免疫分型显示,在急性期,非 HEV 特异性 CD8+ T 细胞活化,其中包括 EBV 特异性和 CMV 特异性 CD8+ T 细胞。入院后,丙氨酸-转氨酶水平有所下降,而活化的 CD8+ T 细胞总数在入院后四天内有所增加,之后有所减少。相比之下,入院时 EBV 特异性和 CMV 特异性 CD8+ T 细胞的活化几乎达到最高水平,这表明在早期阶段就出现了活化的旁观者 CD8+ T 细胞。本病例强调了即使在小儿肝炎中旁观者 CD8+ T 细胞活化的重要性,以及考虑到患者的 EBV、CMV 和 HAV 感染史,个体中 CD8+ T 细胞记忆库的大小对肝炎发展的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Immunological Medicine
Immunological Medicine Medicine-Immunology and Allergy
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
2.30%
发文量
19
审稿时长
19 weeks
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