Poor Survival Rate of Eastern Gray Kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) Affected by Chronic Phalaris Toxicity.

IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES
Tian Chen, Pam Whiteley, Lee F Skerratt, Charles El-Hage, Richard Ploeg, Naomi Davis, Jasmin Hufschmid
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Abstract

Chronic phalaris toxicity (CPT) is a neurological disease caused by animals ingesting toxins produced by early growth stages of Phalaris aquatica, a pasture plant introduced to the southeastern regions of Australia post colonization. Little is known about the clinical progression of CPT in wildlife, as incidents are sporadic and predominantly reported when animals are in the end stages of disease and in a poor welfare state. We studied a cohort of 35 eastern gray kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) affected by CPT to clarify clinical prognosis and survival rates. Kangaroos were captured in May, June, and July of 2022 at Plenty Gorge Parklands, Victoria, Australia. Each animal was radiotracked for 180 d, clinical progression and disease outcomes monitored twice a week. By the conclusion of the study, 24 animals had died (19 by euthanasia due to deterioration, five found dead). Ten animals survived, with two demonstrating a reduction in clinical signs and eight showing full resolution of clinical signs. One animal was disqualified from the study. The overall survival rate was 29.4% (95% confidence interval 17.5-49.5%). The survival duration of animals that died ranged from 5 to 133 d. There was no difference in survival rate based on sex (P=0.2), age class (P=0.49) or the month of capture (P=0.49). These results suggest that CPT is an important health and welfare concern for at-risk macropod populations, with high case-fatality rates and prolonged clinical durations. Further research to manage the disease via methods such as reducing Phalaris aquatica plant coverage and preventative treatments for animals is warranted to reduce disease incidences and improve disease outcomes in wildlife populations.

受慢性法桐毒性影响的东部灰袋鼠(Macropus giganteus)存活率低。
慢性水飞蓟中毒症(CPT)是一种神经系统疾病,由动物摄入水飞蓟早期生长阶段产生的毒素引起,水飞蓟是澳大利亚殖民后引入东南部地区的一种牧草植物。人们对野生动物CPT的临床进展知之甚少,因为这种疾病只是偶发事件,而且主要是在动物处于疾病晚期和福利状况不佳时才被报道。我们对35只患CPT的东部灰袋鼠(Macropus giganteus)进行了研究,以明确临床预后和存活率。袋鼠于 2022 年 5 月、6 月和 7 月在澳大利亚维多利亚州丰盛峡谷公园(Plenty Gorge Parklands)捕获。对每只动物进行了 180 天的放射追踪,每周监测两次临床进展和疾病结果。研究结束时,24 只动物死亡(19 只因病情恶化而安乐死,5 只被发现死亡)。10只动物存活下来,其中2只临床症状减轻,8只临床症状完全消失。一只动物被取消了研究资格。总存活率为 29.4%(95% 置信区间为 17.5-49.5%)。死亡动物的存活时间从 5 天到 133 天不等。存活率因性别(P=0.2)、年龄等级(P=0.49)或捕获月份(P=0.49)而无差异。这些结果表明,CPT是高危大型腹足类种群的一个重要健康和福利问题,病死率高,临床持续时间长。有必要开展进一步研究,通过减少水生法桐植物覆盖率和对动物进行预防性治疗等方法来管理该疾病,以减少疾病发生率并改善野生动物种群的疾病治疗效果。
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来源期刊
Journal of Wildlife Diseases
Journal of Wildlife Diseases 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
213
审稿时长
6-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The JWD publishes reports of wildlife disease investigations, research papers, brief research notes, case and epizootic reports, review articles, and book reviews. The JWD publishes the results of original research and observations dealing with all aspects of infectious, parasitic, toxic, nutritional, physiologic, developmental and neoplastic diseases, environmental contamination, and other factors impinging on the health and survival of free-living or occasionally captive populations of wild animals, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Papers on zoonoses involving wildlife and on chemical immobilization of wild animals are also published. Manuscripts dealing with surveys and case reports may be published in the Journal provided that they contain significant new information or have significance for better understanding health and disease in wild populations. Authors are encouraged to address the wildlife management implications of their studies, where appropriate.
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