Long term worsening of arterial stiffness from monitoring of QKD interval predicts the occurrence of cardiovascular events

Abstract

Arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in different populations. Destiffening appears to be possible through the control of the main cardiovascular risk factors, with however important individual variations. There are so far too few data available on the prognostic importance of changes in arterial stiffness. We tested the consequences of changes in arterial stiffness assessed with the QKD method on the incidence of cardiovascular events in a cohort of hypertensive patients. The change of QKD100-60 was calculated as the difference between baseline and last follow-up value. Patients were classified as group 0 with stable or increased QKD100-60 and group 1 with decreased QKD100-60 (increased arterial stiffness). The prognostic of these two groups was analysed with a Cox model including age, baseline QKD100-60, 24 h SBP (baseline and change), delay between first and last recording, sex, diabetes, smoking, and hypercholesterolemia. We included 555 essential hypertensive patients with 24 h ambulatory measurement of BP and QKD at baseline and follow-up. The follow-up period was 12.28 ± 7.38 years with an average time between baseline and last recording of 8.86 ± 6.48 years. 94 cardiovascular events occurred. The group with increased arterial stiffness shows the double risk of occurrence of cardiovascular event than the group with stable or reduced arterial stiffness independently of other factors including changes in 24 h SBP.