The immune modules conserved across the tree of life: Towards a definition of ancestral immunity.

IF 9.8 1区生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2024-07-15 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.3002717

Aude Bernheim, Jean Cury, Enzo Z Poirier

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Abstract

Immune defence mechanisms exist across the tree of life in such diversity that prokaryotic antiviral responses have historically been considered unrelated to eukaryotic immunity. Mechanisms of defence in divergent eukaryotes were similarly believed to be largely clade specific. However, recent data indicate that a subset of modules (domains and proteins) from prokaryote defence systems are conserved in eukaryotes and populate many stages of innate immune pathways. In this Essay, we propose the notion of ancestral immunity, which corresponds to the set of immune modules conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. After offering a typology of ancestral immunity, we speculate on the selective pressures that could have led to the differential conservation of specific immune modules across domains of life. The exploration of ancestral immunity is in its infancy and appears full of promises to illuminate immune evolution, and also to identify and decipher immune mechanisms of economic, ecological, and therapeutic importance.

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生命树上保存下来的免疫模块：为祖先免疫下定义。

生命树上的免疫防御机制多种多样，原核生物的抗病毒反应历来被认为与真核生物的免疫无关。人们同样认为不同真核生物的防御机制在很大程度上具有支系特异性。然而，最近的数据表明，原核生物防御系统中的一部分模块（结构域和蛋白质）在真核生物中是保守的，并填充了先天免疫途径的许多阶段。在本文中，我们提出了祖先免疫的概念，它与原核生物和真核生物之间保守的免疫模块集相对应。在提出祖先免疫的类型学之后，我们推测了可能导致特定免疫模块在不同生命领域有不同保存方式的选择性压力。对祖先免疫力的探索尚处于起步阶段，但有望揭示免疫力的进化过程，并识别和破译具有经济、生态和治疗重要性的免疫机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

PLoS Biology BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY-BIOLOGY

CiteScore

15.40

自引率

2.00%

发文量

359

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

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