Phylogeography, Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Echinococcus granulosus Sensu Stricto Inferred by Mitochondrial DNA Markers between Southeast of Iran and Pakistan.
Davood Anvari, Shirzad Gholami, Adel Spotin, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Ahmad Daryani, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Mohammad Reza Narouei, Mona Hosseini, Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
{"title":"Phylogeography, Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i> Sensu Stricto Inferred by Mitochondrial DNA Markers between Southeast of Iran and Pakistan.","authors":"Davood Anvari, Shirzad Gholami, Adel Spotin, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Ahmad Daryani, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Mohammad Reza Narouei, Mona Hosseini, Abolghasem Siyadatpanah","doi":"10.18502/ijpa.v19i2.15850","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current study was designed to provide a better insight into the circulating genotypes, genetic diversity, and population structure of <i>Echinococcus</i> spp. between southeast of Iran and Pakistan<b>.</b></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From Jun 2020 to Dec 2020, 46 hydatid cysts were taken from human (n: 6), camel (n: 10), goat (n: 10), cattle (n: 10) and sheep (n: 10) in various cities of Sistan and Baluchestan Province of Iran, located at the neighborhood of Pakistan. DNA samples were extracted, amplified, and subjected to sequence analysis of <i>cox1</i> and <i>nad1</i> genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The phylogeny inferred by the Maximum Likelihood algorithm indicated that G1 genotype (n: 19), G3 genotype (n: 14) and G6 genotype (n: 13) assigned into their specific clades. The diversity indices showed a moderate (<i>nad1</i>: Hd: 0.485) to high haplotype diversity (<i>cox1:</i> Hd: 0.867) of <i>E. granulosus</i> s.s. (G1/G3) and low nucleotide diversity. The negative value of Tajima's <i>D</i> and Fu's Fs test displayed deviation from neutrality indicating a recent population expansion. A parsimonious network of the haplotypes of <i>cox1</i> displayed star-like features in the overall population containing IR9/PAK1/G1, IR2/PAK2/G3 and IR18/G6 as the most common haplotypes. A pairwise fixation index (<i>F</i>st) indicated that <i>E. granulosus</i> s.s. populations are genetically moderate differentiated between southeast of Iran and Pakistan. The extension of haplotypes PAK18/G1 (sheep) and PAK26/G1 (cattle) toward Iranian haplogroup revealed that there is dawn of <i>Echinococcus</i> flow due to a transfer of alleles between mentioned populations through transport of livestock or their domestication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current findings strengthen our knowledge concerning the evolutionary paradigms of <i>E. granulosus</i> in southeastern borders of Iran and is effective in controlling of hydatidosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14669,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Parasitology","volume":"19 2","pages":"140-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11246203/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Iranian Journal of Parasitology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v19i2.15850","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PARASITOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Current study was designed to provide a better insight into the circulating genotypes, genetic diversity, and population structure of Echinococcus spp. between southeast of Iran and Pakistan.
Methods: From Jun 2020 to Dec 2020, 46 hydatid cysts were taken from human (n: 6), camel (n: 10), goat (n: 10), cattle (n: 10) and sheep (n: 10) in various cities of Sistan and Baluchestan Province of Iran, located at the neighborhood of Pakistan. DNA samples were extracted, amplified, and subjected to sequence analysis of cox1 and nad1 genes.
Results: The phylogeny inferred by the Maximum Likelihood algorithm indicated that G1 genotype (n: 19), G3 genotype (n: 14) and G6 genotype (n: 13) assigned into their specific clades. The diversity indices showed a moderate (nad1: Hd: 0.485) to high haplotype diversity (cox1: Hd: 0.867) of E. granulosus s.s. (G1/G3) and low nucleotide diversity. The negative value of Tajima's D and Fu's Fs test displayed deviation from neutrality indicating a recent population expansion. A parsimonious network of the haplotypes of cox1 displayed star-like features in the overall population containing IR9/PAK1/G1, IR2/PAK2/G3 and IR18/G6 as the most common haplotypes. A pairwise fixation index (Fst) indicated that E. granulosus s.s. populations are genetically moderate differentiated between southeast of Iran and Pakistan. The extension of haplotypes PAK18/G1 (sheep) and PAK26/G1 (cattle) toward Iranian haplogroup revealed that there is dawn of Echinococcus flow due to a transfer of alleles between mentioned populations through transport of livestock or their domestication.
Conclusion: The current findings strengthen our knowledge concerning the evolutionary paradigms of E. granulosus in southeastern borders of Iran and is effective in controlling of hydatidosis.
期刊介绍:
Iranian Journal of Parasitology (IJP) is the official publication of Iranian Society of Parasitology (ISP) launched in 2006. The society was inaugurated in 1994 and pursues the improvement of the knowledge on the parasites and parasitic diseases, exchange of scientific knowledge with foreign societies, publicity activities, and consultation on the parasitic diseases, and intimate relationship among society members.
The main aims of the Journal are: contribution to the field of Parasitology, including all aspects of parasites and parasitic diseases (medical and veterinary) and related fields such as Entomology which may be submitted by scientists from Iran and all over the world.