The interplay of co-infections in shaping COVID-19 severity: Expanding the scope beyond SARS-CoV-2

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102486

Budhadev Baral , Vaishali Saini , Meenakshi Kandpal , Pratik Kundu , Amit Kumar Dixit , Hamendra Singh Parmar , Ajay Kumar Meena , Pankaj Trivedi , Hem Chandra Jha

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

High mortality has been reported in severe cases of COVID-19. Emerging reports suggested that the severity is not only due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, but also due to coinfections by other pathogens exhibiting symptoms like COVID-19. During the COVID-19 pandemic, simultaneous respiratory coinfections with various viral (Retroviridae, Flaviviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, and Picoviridae) and bacterial (Mycobacteriaceae, Mycoplasmataceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Helicobacteraceae) families have been observed. These pathogens intensify disease severity by potentially augmenting SARSCoV-2 replication, inflammation, and modulation of signaling pathways. Coinfection emerges as a critical determinant of COVID-19 severity, principally instigated by heightened pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, as cytokine storm. Thereby, in co-infection scenario, the severity is also driven by the modulation of inflammatory signaling pathways by both pathogens possibly associated with interleukin, interferon, and cell death exacerbating the severity. In the current review, we attempt to understand the role of co- infections by other pathogens and their involvement in the severity of COVID-19.

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合并感染在影响 COVID-19 严重程度方面的相互作用：将研究范围扩大到 SARS-CoV-2 以外。

据报道，COVID-19 严重病例的死亡率很高。新近的报告表明，病情严重不仅是由于感染了 SARS-CoV-2，还由于同时感染了其他病原体，表现出类似 COVID-19 的症状。在 COVID-19 大流行期间，已观察到各种病毒（逆转录病毒科、黄病毒科、正粘病毒科和圆环病毒科）和细菌（分枝杆菌科、支原体科、肠杆菌科和螺旋杆菌科）同时并发呼吸道感染。这些病原体可能会增强 SARSCoV-2 的复制、炎症和信号通路的调节，从而加剧疾病的严重性。合并感染是决定 COVID-19 严重程度的关键因素，主要由促炎细胞因子水平的升高（细胞因子风暴）引起。因此，在合并感染的情况下，严重程度也是由两种病原体对炎症信号通路的调节驱动的，这可能与白细胞介素、干扰素和细胞死亡有关，从而加剧了严重程度。在本综述中，我们试图了解其他病原体共同感染的作用及其对 COVID-19 严重性的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Infection and Public Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH -INFECTIOUS DISEASES

CiteScore

13.10

自引率

1.50%

发文量

203

审稿时长

96 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Infection and Public Health, first official journal of the Saudi Arabian Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and the Saudi Association for Public Health, aims to be the foremost scientific, peer-reviewed journal encompassing infection prevention and control, microbiology, infectious diseases, public health and the application of healthcare epidemiology to the evaluation of health outcomes. The point of view of the journal is that infection and public health are closely intertwined and that advances in one area will have positive consequences on the other. The journal will be useful to all health professionals who are partners in the management of patients with communicable diseases, keeping them up to date. The journal is proud to have an international and diverse editorial board that will assist and facilitate the publication of articles that reflect a global view on infection control and public health, as well as emphasizing our focus on supporting the needs of public health practitioners. It is our aim to improve healthcare by reducing risk of infection and related adverse outcomes by critical review, selection, and dissemination of new and relevant information in the field of infection control, public health and infectious diseases in all healthcare settings and the community.