Forest growth resistance and resilience to the 2018–2020 drought depend on tree diversity and mycorrhizal type

IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Lena Sachsenmaier, Florian Schnabel, Peter Dietrich, Nico Eisenhauer, Olga Ferlian, Julius Quosh, Ronny Richter, Christian Wirth
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Abstract

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森林生长抗性和对 2018-2020 年干旱的复原力取决于树木多样性和菌根类型
据预测,由于气候变化,连续干旱年的频率将会增加。这些干旱会对森林生态系统产生强烈的负面影响。混合树种被认为可以提高树木群落的抗旱性和恢复力。然而,在极端干旱条件下,以及在互补菌根关联及其在改善水分吸收方面的潜在作用的背景下,尚未对这种有希望的多样性效应进行研究。在此,我们研究了树木多样性是否能促进生长抵抗力和对极端干旱的复原力,以及干旱响应是否受菌根关联的调节。我们使用了德国一项幼树多样性实验的库存数据(2015-2021 年),并对树种丰富度(1、2 和 4 种)和菌根类型(群落包含丛生菌根[AM]或外生菌根[EM]树种,或两者)进行了操作。对于所有树木群落,我们计算了干旱前、干旱期间和干旱后的基部面积增量,并使用抗性和恢复力的概念来量化生长对干旱的反应。我们发现,在 2018-2020 年的极端干旱期间,大多数树木群落的生长都出现了强劲的下降。与我们的假设相反,我们没有发现树种丰富度本身可以缓冲极端干旱对树木生长的负面影响。然而,对于EM群落来说,抗旱性和恢复力随着树种丰富度的增加而降低,而对于AM群落和由两种菌根类型组成的群落来说,抗旱性和恢复力却增加了。我们强调,在各种混合树种中,只有混合菌根类型的树种在干旱期间和之后的表现优于各自的单一树种。此外,在极端干旱的情况下,群落在多样性方面往往分为 "赢家 "和 "输家",这表明竞争可能会加剧。虽然我们无法解开菌根在干旱期间的潜在机制或阐明菌根的作用,但我们的研究结果表明,树木群落中的菌根类型混合物有助于保护森林免受日益频繁的干旱的影响。综述。树木群落的抗旱性和恢复力取决于树木的多样性和菌根结合类型。混合具有不同菌根类型的树种有望在气候变化的情况下恢复森林。
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来源期刊
Journal of Ecology
Journal of Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
10.90
自引率
5.50%
发文量
207
审稿时长
3.0 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Ecology publishes original research papers on all aspects of the ecology of plants (including algae), in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. We do not publish papers concerned solely with cultivated plants and agricultural ecosystems. Studies of plant communities, populations or individual species are accepted, as well as studies of the interactions between plants and animals, fungi or bacteria, providing they focus on the ecology of the plants. We aim to bring important work using any ecological approach (including molecular techniques) to a wide international audience and therefore only publish papers with strong and ecological messages that advance our understanding of ecological principles.
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