Meta-Analysis Study on the Role of Biochar on Soil Nitrogen Cycling

IF 3.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Binbin Yu, Keming Yang, Min Cui, Zilong Chen, Yuanyuan Dai, Xiaoqing Qian, Zhongzhi Chen
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Abstract

Soil nitrogen cycling is intricately related to soil physicochemical properties, enzymatic activity, and microbial vitality. Biochar, containing various elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, possesses a porous structure with strong adsorption capabilities. This characteristic renders it useful for ameliorating acidic soils, influencing soil nitrogen cycling, and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. To quantitatively analyze the diverse impacts of different biochar on soil nitrogen cycling and to highlight its implications for sustainable agriculture, this study collected 155 relevant articles and conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis. The results indicate that biochar can elevate the pH by 4.60% for acidic soils and significantly increase soil organic carbon content by 64.60%. Different feedstocks, such as Wooden Biochar (WB), Crop Husk (CH) Biochar, Crop Straw Biochar (CS), and Organic Waste Biochar (OW), exhibit distinct effects, with WB and OW showing the most significant increases in SOC. Pyrolysis temperature is also a critical factor, and biochar produced at medium and high temperatures enhances pH more effectively than low-temperature biochar. Additionally, biochar enhances the abundance of the nitrogen functional gene amoA-AOB by 25.58%, promoting ammonia oxidation, reducing ammonia (NH3) emissions by 16.39%. Experimental setups also influence outcomes that biochar application in woods and incubation studies significantly reduced nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions compared to pot and field experiments. The findings suggest that adding biochar to soil accelerates nitrogen cycling, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The results advocate biochar’s use in sustainable soil management practices.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

生物碳对土壤氮循环作用的元分析研究
土壤氮循环与土壤理化性质、酶活性和微生物活力密切相关。生物炭含有碳、氮、磷等多种元素,具有多孔结构,吸附能力强。这一特性使其在改善酸性土壤、影响土壤氮循环和减少温室气体排放方面大有用武之地。为了定量分析不同生物炭对土壤氮循环的不同影响,并突出其对可持续农业的意义,本研究收集了 155 篇相关文章,并进行了全面的荟萃分析。结果表明,生物炭可将酸性土壤的 pH 值提高 4.60%,并显著提高土壤有机碳含量 64.60%。不同的原料,如木质生物炭(WB)、作物秸秆生物炭(CH)、作物秸秆生物炭(CS)和有机废物生物炭(OW),表现出不同的效果,其中木质生物炭和有机废物生物炭对 SOC 的增加最为显著。热解温度也是一个关键因素,与低温生物炭相比,中温和高温生物炭能更有效地提高 pH 值。此外,生物炭还能使氮功能基因 amoA-AOB 的丰度提高 25.58%,促进氨氧化,使氨(NH3)排放量减少 16.39%。实验设置也会影响实验结果,与盆栽和田间试验相比,在树林和培养研究中施用生物炭能显著减少一氧化二氮(N2O)的排放。研究结果表明,在土壤中添加生物炭可以加速氮循环,从而减少温室气体排放。这些结果提倡在可持续土壤管理实践中使用生物炭。
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来源期刊
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Soil Science
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
10.30%
发文量
331
审稿时长
9 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition is an international, peer reviewed journal devoted to publishing original research findings in the areas of soil science, plant nutrition, agriculture and environmental science. Soil sciences submissions may cover physics, chemistry, biology, microbiology, mineralogy, ecology, pedology, soil classification and amelioration. Plant nutrition and agriculture submissions may include plant production, physiology and metabolism of plants, plant ecology, diversity and sustainability of agricultural systems, organic and inorganic fertilization in relation to their impact on yields, quality of plants and ecological systems, and agroecosystems studies. Submissions covering soil degradation, environmental pollution, nature conservation, and environmental protection are also welcome. The journal considers for publication original research articles, technical notes, short communication, and reviews (both voluntary and by invitation), and letters to the editor.
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