Synthesis of biocompatible Ti-6Al-4V composite reinforced with ZrO2 and bioceramic produced by powder metallurgy: Morphological, structural, and biocompatibility analysis

IF 2 3区工程技术 Q2 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Microscopy Research and Technique Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI:10.1002/jemt.24646

Muharrem Pul, Ümit Erdem, Büşra Moran Bozer, Tuncay Şimşek, Rüstem Yılmazel, Mustafa Yasin Erten

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Abstract

In this experimental study, the initial phase involved preparing composite structures with various mix ratios using the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, widely used in clinical applications, in conjunction with ZrO₂ and hydroxyapatite (HA) synthesized via the precipitation method, employing powder metallurgy techniques. Subsequently, the microstructures of the resultant hybrid composite materials were imaged, and x-ray diffraction (XRD) phase analyses were conducted. In the final phase of the experimental work, tests were performed to determine the biocompatibility properties of the hybrid composites. For this purpose, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assays were carried out. The tests and examinations revealed that structures compatible both morphologically and elementally were obtained with no phase transformations that could disrupt the structure. The incorporation of ZrO₂ into the Ti-6Al-4V alloy was observed to enhance cell viability values. The value of 98.25 ± 0.42 obtained by adding 20% ZrO₂ gave the highest cell viability result. The addition of HA into the hybrid structures further increased the cell viability values by approximately 10%. All viability values for both HA-added and HA-free groups were obtained above the 70% viability level defined in the standard. According to the genotoxicity test results, the highest cytokinesis-block proliferation index values were obtained as 1.666 and 0.620 in structures containing 20% ZrO₂ and 10% ZrO₂ + 10% HA, respectively. Remarkably, all fabricated composite and hybrid composite materials surpassed established biocompatibility standards and exhibited nontoxic and nongenotoxic properties. This comprehensive study contributes vital insights for future biomechanical and other in vitro and in vivo experiments, as it meticulously addresses fundamental characterization parameters crucial for medical device development.

Research Highlights

Support of optimum doping rates ions on hybrid composites and concentrations.
Development of uniform surface appearance and distributions/orientations of microcrystals on ceramic compounds
Improvement of cell viability and desired increase in biocompatibility with the doping of HA.

Abstract Image

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用 ZrO2 和生物陶瓷通过粉末冶金法合成生物相容性 Ti-6Al-4V 复合材料：形态、结构和生物相容性分析。

在这项实验研究中，最初阶段是使用广泛应用于临床的 Ti-6Al-4V 合金，结合通过沉淀法合成的 ZrO2 和羟基磷灰石 (HA)，采用粉末冶金技术制备不同混合比的复合结构。随后，对所得混合复合材料的微观结构进行了成像，并进行了 X 射线衍射（XRD）相分析。在实验工作的最后阶段，对混合复合材料的生物相容性进行了测试。为此，进行了细胞毒性和遗传毒性试验。测试和检验结果表明，获得的结构在形态和元素上都是兼容的，没有发生可能破坏结构的相变。据观察，在 Ti-6Al-4V 合金中加入 ZrO2 可提高细胞活力值。加入 20% ZrO2 后，细胞存活率最高，达到 98.25 ± 0.42。在混合结构中添加 HA 后，细胞活力值进一步提高了约 10%。添加 HA 和不添加 HA 组的所有活力值都高于标准规定的 70% 的活力水平。遗传毒性测试结果表明，在含有 20% ZrO2 和 10% ZrO2 + 10% HA 的结构中，细胞分裂阻滞增殖指数最高，分别为 1.666 和 0.620。值得注意的是，所有制成的复合材料和混合复合材料都超过了既定的生物相容性标准，并表现出无毒和无遗传毒性的特性。这项全面的研究为未来的生物力学和其他体外、体内实验提供了重要的见解，因为它细致地解决了对医疗器械开发至关重要的基本表征参数。研究亮点支持混合复合材料和浓度的最佳掺杂率离子。在陶瓷复合物上形成均匀的表面外观和微晶分布/取向掺杂 HA 可提高细胞存活率和生物相容性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Microscopy Research and Technique 医学-解剖学与形态学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

20.00%

发文量

233

审稿时长

4.7 months

期刊介绍： Microscopy Research and Technique (MRT) publishes articles on all aspects of advanced microscopy original architecture and methodologies with applications in the biological, clinical, chemical, and materials sciences. Original basic and applied research as well as technical papers dealing with the various subsets of microscopy are encouraged. MRT is the right form for those developing new microscopy methods or using the microscope to answer key questions in basic and applied research.