Investigation of four nickel titanium endodontic instruments, with cyclic fatigue resistance, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy

IF 2 3区工程技术 Q2 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY

Microscopy Research and Technique Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI:10.1002/jemt.24655

İhsan Furkan Ertuğrul, Havva Kübra Arslan

{"title":"Investigation of four nickel titanium endodontic instruments, with cyclic fatigue resistance, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy","authors":"İhsan Furkan Ertuğrul, Havva Kübra Arslan","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24655","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <p>The aim of this study was to compare of four different nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) endodontic files and evaluate in terms of cyclic fatigue resistance and metallurgical properties. Four different type Ni-Ti root canal files Protaper Next X2 (PTN) (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), One Curve (OC) #25.06 (Micro Mega, Besancon, France), EndoPlus Flex Plus Gold X2 (EPG) (Turkuaz Dental, Denizli, Turkey), and EndoPlus Flex Plus Blue #25.06 (EPB) (Turkuaz Dental, Denizli, Turkey) files were tested for cyclic fatigue resistance (<i>n</i> = 20). During experiments artificial zirconia block canal was used. The artificial canal designed with curvature 60° and 5-mm radius. The number of cyclic to fracture (NCF) was noted. Fractured length (FL) parts of Ni-Ti files were recorded to assessment of fracture volumetric point. All fractured surfaces of Ni-Ti files were assessed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) to confirm the type of fractures. Descriptive evaluation become accomplished for the fundamental composition of units with the aid of using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). NCF data were evaluated via Bonferroni test with post hoc multiple comparison method. OC showed the highest NCF values (<i>p</i> < .05). The standardization of the study was confirmed as the FL of files was statistically similar in length (<i>p</i> > .05). SEM analysis confirmed that all scanned samples were fractured due to cyclic fatigue. EDX analysis confirmed that EPB established the poorest Ni content file.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Research Highlights</h3>\n \n <div>\n <ul>\n \n <li>The cyclic fatigue-related failure of One Curve was significantly more resistant than Protaper Next and EndoPlus files.</li>\n \n <li>Scanning electron microscopy images showed that One Curve and Protaper Next have round tips</li>\n \n <li>Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy showed that all four endodontic instruments mainly have Nickel and Titanium elements</li>\n </ul>\n </div>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jemt.24655","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Microscopy Research and Technique","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jemt.24655","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare of four different nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) endodontic files and evaluate in terms of cyclic fatigue resistance and metallurgical properties. Four different type Ni-Ti root canal files Protaper Next X2 (PTN) (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), One Curve (OC) #25.06 (Micro Mega, Besancon, France), EndoPlus Flex Plus Gold X2 (EPG) (Turkuaz Dental, Denizli, Turkey), and EndoPlus Flex Plus Blue #25.06 (EPB) (Turkuaz Dental, Denizli, Turkey) files were tested for cyclic fatigue resistance (n = 20). During experiments artificial zirconia block canal was used. The artificial canal designed with curvature 60° and 5-mm radius. The number of cyclic to fracture (NCF) was noted. Fractured length (FL) parts of Ni-Ti files were recorded to assessment of fracture volumetric point. All fractured surfaces of Ni-Ti files were assessed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) to confirm the type of fractures. Descriptive evaluation become accomplished for the fundamental composition of units with the aid of using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). NCF data were evaluated via Bonferroni test with post hoc multiple comparison method. OC showed the highest NCF values (p < .05). The standardization of the study was confirmed as the FL of files was statistically similar in length (p > .05). SEM analysis confirmed that all scanned samples were fractured due to cyclic fatigue. EDX analysis confirmed that EPB established the poorest Ni content file.

Research Highlights

The cyclic fatigue-related failure of One Curve was significantly more resistant than Protaper Next and EndoPlus files.
Scanning electron microscopy images showed that One Curve and Protaper Next have round tips
Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy showed that all four endodontic instruments mainly have Nickel and Titanium elements

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

利用循环耐疲劳性、扫描电子显微镜和能量色散 X 射线光谱对四种镍钛牙髓器械进行研究。

这项研究的目的是比较四种不同的镍钛（Ni-Ti）根管锉，并从抗循环疲劳性和冶金学特性方面进行评估。对四种不同类型的镍钛根管锉：Protaper Next X2 (PTN) (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland)、One Curve (OC) #25.06 (Micro Mega, Besancon, France)、EndoPlus Flex Plus Gold X2 (EPG) (Turkuaz Dental, Denizli, Turkey)和 EndoPlus Flex Plus Blue #25.06 (EPB) (Turkuaz Dental, Denizli, Turkey)进行了抗循环疲劳性测试（n = 20）。在实验过程中使用了人造氧化锆阻断管。人工牙槽的设计弧度为 60°，半径为 5 毫米。记录了周期性断裂（NCF）的次数。记录镍钛锉的断裂长度（FL），以评估断裂体积点。用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对镍钛锉的所有断裂表面进行评估，以确认断裂类型。借助能量色散 X 射线光谱法（EDX）对单元的基本成分进行了描述性评估。NCF数据通过Bonferroni检验和事后多重比较法进行评估。OC 的 NCF 值最高（p .05）。扫描电子显微镜分析证实，所有扫描样品都因循环疲劳而断裂。EDX 分析证实，EPB 建立的镍含量档案最差。研究亮点：与 Protaper Next 和 EndoPlus 文件相比，One Curve 的循环疲劳相关失效明显更耐受。扫描电子显微镜图像显示，One Curve 和 Protaper Next 具有圆形尖端能量色散 X 射线光谱显示，所有四种牙髓器械都主要含有镍和钛元素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Microscopy Research and Technique 医学-解剖学与形态学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

20.00%

发文量

233

审稿时长

4.7 months

期刊介绍： Microscopy Research and Technique (MRT) publishes articles on all aspects of advanced microscopy original architecture and methodologies with applications in the biological, clinical, chemical, and materials sciences. Original basic and applied research as well as technical papers dealing with the various subsets of microscopy are encouraged. MRT is the right form for those developing new microscopy methods or using the microscope to answer key questions in basic and applied research.