Influence of restricted mastication on swallowing function

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of oral rehabilitation Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI:10.1111/joor.13799

Hiroki Hayashi, Takayuki Kusunoki, Osamu Komiyama, Yoshihiro Hamada, Akiyo Kawamoto, Kazuya Takahashi, Akiko Shimada

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Oral food processing is an important part of daily food intake. A major part of this process is mastication, which prepares a bolus of food for swallowing by mechanically crushing and grinding ingested food between the teeth using rhythmic movements. Masticatory dysfunction is common in the elderly and in some neurological disorders and can have serious negative health consequences.

Objective

This study investigated the effect of restricted mastication, achieved by experimentally reducing the duration of mastication, on masticatory patterns and subsequent swallowing function.

Methods

Thirty healthy men (25 ± 3 years old) were instructed to chew gum jelly with a free mastication duration (G100), a half and a quarter duration of G100. Masseter and digastric electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded to assess mastication and swallowing activity, respectively. In addition, the acceleration of the thyroid cartilage ridge was measured with an accelerometer. The root mean square (RMS) of muscle EMG activity in the masseter and digastric muscles, the number of masseter EMG bursts, time to peak and total duration of each masseter EMG burst, swallowing duration and laryngeal elevation latency were analysed.

Results

Restricting masticatory duration reduced the number of mastication cycles (p < .001), prolonged the time to peak (p < .001) and total duration of masseter EMG bursts (p < .001) and resulted in an overall increased RMS score of masseter muscle activity (p = .017). Furthermore, restricted masticatory duration led to a decrease in both swallowing duration (p = .001) and laryngeal elevation latency (p = .012), with a significant increase in the RMS score of digastric muscle activity (p < .001).

Conclusions

Under the experimental conditions of restricted mastication, several adaptation features were observed, including changes in masticatory cycle characteristics and swallowing duration. Thus, although the overall masticatory efficiency was reduced, these adaptations allowed healthy individuals to still swallow safely.

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咀嚼受限对吞咽功能的影响

背景：口腔食物加工是日常食物摄入的重要组成部分。咀嚼是这一过程的主要部分，它通过有节奏的动作在牙齿之间机械地挤压和研磨摄入的食物，为吞咽食物做好准备。咀嚼功能障碍常见于老年人和一些神经系统疾病患者，可对健康造成严重的负面影响：本研究通过实验缩短咀嚼时间，研究限制咀嚼对咀嚼模式和随后吞咽功能的影响：方法：30 名健康男性（25 ± 3 岁）接受指导，以自由咀嚼持续时间（G100）、G100 的一半和四分之一持续时间咀嚼口香糖果冻。分别记录咀嚼和吞咽活动的肌肉肌电图（EMG）活动以评估咀嚼和吞咽活动。此外，还使用加速度计测量了甲状软骨脊的加速度。对咀嚼肌和掘起肌肌电活动的均方根、咀嚼肌肌电爆发次数、达到峰值的时间和每次咀嚼肌肌电爆发的总持续时间、吞咽持续时间和喉头抬高潜伏期进行了分析：结果：限制咀嚼持续时间减少了咀嚼周期的次数（p 结论：限制咀嚼持续时间减少了咀嚼周期的次数：在限制咀嚼的实验条件下，观察到一些适应特征，包括咀嚼周期特征和吞咽持续时间的变化。因此，虽然总体咀嚼效率降低，但这些适应性使健康人仍能安全吞咽。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of oral rehabilitation 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

10.30%

发文量

116

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Oral Rehabilitation aims to be the most prestigious journal of dental research within all aspects of oral rehabilitation and applied oral physiology. It covers all diagnostic and clinical management aspects necessary to re-establish a subjective and objective harmonious oral function. Oral rehabilitation may become necessary as a result of developmental or acquired disturbances in the orofacial region, orofacial traumas, or a variety of dental and oral diseases (primarily dental caries and periodontal diseases) and orofacial pain conditions. As such, oral rehabilitation in the twenty-first century is a matter of skilful diagnosis and minimal, appropriate intervention, the nature of which is intimately linked to a profound knowledge of oral physiology, oral biology, and dental and oral pathology. The scientific content of the journal therefore strives to reflect the best of evidence-based clinical dentistry. Modern clinical management should be based on solid scientific evidence gathered about diagnostic procedures and the properties and efficacy of the chosen intervention (e.g. material science, biological, toxicological, pharmacological or psychological aspects). The content of the journal also reflects documentation of the possible side-effects of rehabilitation, and includes prognostic perspectives of the treatment modalities chosen.