Amla (Emblica officinalis)-Derived Bionanosilver (Ag NPs) for Excellent Antibacterial Activity

Abstract

Despite the growing need for effective and environmentally friendly antimicrobial agents, the synthesis methods for such materials often involve toxic chemicals and complex procedures. There is a pressing need for a sustainable approach to synthesize nanoparticles with potent antibacterial properties. This study aims to address this gap by developing a green synthesis method for silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using Amla extract. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that face-centered cubic Ag NPs with sizes in the range of 15–30 nm can be synthesized through an environmentally friendly process. Further, the formation mechanism of Ag NPs has been discussed in detail with the help of schematic diagrams. The Amla-derived Ag NPs have been further tested for their antibacterial activity against two different antibacterial strains: Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) using the plate count method. The NPs showed excellent biocompatibility where approximately 90% of growth reduction have been found for both strains at 100 μg/mL of Ag NPs and growth time of 30 min. These outcomes exhibited that Ag NPs, as a kind of antibacterial material, had an incredible guarantee for application in a wide scope of biomedical applications.