Cu2+-integrated carbon dots as an efficient bioprobe for the selective sensing of guanine nucleobase†

IF 3.5 Q2 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL
Monalisa Chowdhury, Debolina Basu and Prasanta Kumar Das
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Abstract

This present work aimed to craft copper (Cu2+)-doped carbon dots (CuCDs) for the selective and sensitive detection of a guanine nucleobase. By employing a hydrothermal method, we synthesized blue-emitting CuCDs having emission maxima at 423 nm. CuCDs were used as a fluorescence turn-on ratiometric probe to detect guanine, a critical purine base in DNA involved in energy transduction, cell signalling, and metabolic processes. In the presence of guanine, the fluorescence intensity of CuCDs significantly increased due to the stable non-covalent interaction between Cu2+ and guanine. CuCDs achieved a very low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.59 nM for guanine as a highly sensitive probe. CuCDs demonstrated selectivity for guanine with no interference from other nucleobases (adenine, thymine, and cytosine) and various biomolecules and metal ions commonly found in the cellular environment. In addition, CuCDs demonstrated a higher affinity for guanine-enriched oligonucleotide cMYC G 27-mer over dsDNA 26-mer devoid of a large guanine population. Furthermore, the fluorescence intensity of CuCDs increased in guanine-treated mammalian cells and G-quadruplex-enriched cancer cells compared with that in non-cancerous cells. Hence, we developed a highly sensitive ratiometric fluorescence probe, CuCDs, for the selective detection of guanine both in vitro and within mammalian cells via a “fluorescence turn-on mechanism”.

Abstract Image

Cu2+ 集成碳点作为选择性感知鸟嘌呤核碱基的高效生物探针
本研究旨在制作掺铜(Cu2+)碳点(CuCD),用于选择性灵敏检测鸟嘌呤核碱基。我们采用水热法合成了蓝色发光的 CuCD 碳点,其最大发射波长为 423 nm。CuCD 被用作荧光开启比率探针来检测鸟嘌呤,鸟嘌呤是 DNA 中的重要嘌呤碱基,参与能量转移、细胞信号传递和新陈代谢过程。在鸟嘌呤存在的情况下,由于 Cu2+ 与鸟嘌呤之间稳定的非共价作用,CuCD 的荧光强度显著增加。作为一种高灵敏度探针,CuCD 对鸟嘌呤的检测限(LOD)非常低,仅为 0.59 nM。CuCD 对鸟嘌呤具有选择性,而对其他核碱基(腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶、胞嘧啶)以及细胞环境中常见的各种生物大分子和金属离子没有干扰。此外,CuCD 对富含鸟嘌呤的寡核苷酸 cMYC G 27-mer 的亲和力高于缺乏大量鸟嘌呤的 dsDNA 26-mer。此外,与非癌细胞相比,CuCD 在经鸟嘌呤处理的哺乳动物细胞和富含 G-四叠体的癌细胞中的荧光强度会增加。因此,我们开发了一种高灵敏度的比率荧光探针 CuCD,通过 "荧光开启机制 "在体外和哺乳动物细胞内选择性地检测鸟嘌呤。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.30
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