Pushkar Deshpande, Cagatay Yelkarasi, Seungjoo Lee, Leonardo I. Farfan-Cabrera, Ali Erdemir
{"title":"Electrotribochemical formation of abrasive nano-carbon particles under electrified conditions on lubricated sliding contacts","authors":"Pushkar Deshpande, Cagatay Yelkarasi, Seungjoo Lee, Leonardo I. Farfan-Cabrera, Ali Erdemir","doi":"10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119425","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electric vehicle (EV) mobility represents a transformative shift in achieving better energy security, environmental cleanliness, and economic prosperity. Despite recent advancements in EV technology, several challenges persist in tribology and lubrication fronts that can hamper their long-term reliability, performance, and efficiency. In this work, we explored the tribological performance of four commercially available driveline lubricants under non-electrified and electrified sliding conditions using AISI 52100 bearing steel. The results confirmed that passing of electricity through the contact interface exacerbate the wear damage (causing as much as a 5-fold increase in wear volume). Using Raman Spectroscopy, XPS, SEM, ToF-SIMS, and HRTEM, we confirmed that such accelerated wear primarily results from the formation of highly abrasive soot-like amorphous carbon, iron carbide, and other carbonaceous products which result from the decomposition of long-chain hydrocarbon molecules of lubricating oils under electrification. These findings confirm the existence of very complex wear mechanisms in electrified contacts and suggest the need for much improved lubricants and/or materials for future EV applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":262,"journal":{"name":"Carbon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Carbon","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119425","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Electric vehicle (EV) mobility represents a transformative shift in achieving better energy security, environmental cleanliness, and economic prosperity. Despite recent advancements in EV technology, several challenges persist in tribology and lubrication fronts that can hamper their long-term reliability, performance, and efficiency. In this work, we explored the tribological performance of four commercially available driveline lubricants under non-electrified and electrified sliding conditions using AISI 52100 bearing steel. The results confirmed that passing of electricity through the contact interface exacerbate the wear damage (causing as much as a 5-fold increase in wear volume). Using Raman Spectroscopy, XPS, SEM, ToF-SIMS, and HRTEM, we confirmed that such accelerated wear primarily results from the formation of highly abrasive soot-like amorphous carbon, iron carbide, and other carbonaceous products which result from the decomposition of long-chain hydrocarbon molecules of lubricating oils under electrification. These findings confirm the existence of very complex wear mechanisms in electrified contacts and suggest the need for much improved lubricants and/or materials for future EV applications.
期刊介绍:
The journal Carbon is an international multidisciplinary forum for communicating scientific advances in the field of carbon materials. It reports new findings related to the formation, structure, properties, behaviors, and technological applications of carbons. Carbons are a broad class of ordered or disordered solid phases composed primarily of elemental carbon, including but not limited to carbon black, carbon fibers and filaments, carbon nanotubes, diamond and diamond-like carbon, fullerenes, glassy carbon, graphite, graphene, graphene-oxide, porous carbons, pyrolytic carbon, and other sp2 and non-sp2 hybridized carbon systems. Carbon is the companion title to the open access journal Carbon Trends. Relevant application areas for carbon materials include biology and medicine, catalysis, electronic, optoelectronic, spintronic, high-frequency, and photonic devices, energy storage and conversion systems, environmental applications and water treatment, smart materials and systems, and structural and thermal applications.