Soil biological fertility evolution in a chronosequence under long-term rice cultivation after land reclamation in China

IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOIL SCIENCE
Jinhua Pan, Jin Wang, Shunyao Zhuang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Land use significantly affects soil biological fertility through impacts on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. The present study investigated the effects of long-term rice cultivation after tidal flat reclamation on soil C and N metabolism, microbial biomass and biological fertility. Eighteen composite topsoil (0–20 cm) samples were identified in a chronosequence of coastal reclamation areas (0–700 years old) in subtropical monsoon climate zone, namely tidal flat (T0), salt marsh soil (S10) and paddy soil (P50, P100, P300 and P700). Using ANOVA analysis, mono-exponential regression model, and multiple linear regressions, soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), cumulative C mineralization content (Ct) and N mineralization content (Nt), basal soil respiration (BSR) and microbial biomass C and N (MBC and MBN) in the P50-P700 samples were significantly higher than those in the T0 and S10 samples, whereas C metabolic quotients (qCO2) in the P50-P700 were significantly lower than those in the T0 and S10 samples. The time to steady state for SOM and TN are 357 years and 80 years, respectively; 133 and 221 years for Ct and Nt, respectively; and 318 and 183 years for MBC and MBN, respectively. Also, a soil biological fertility index (SBFI) was calculated on the basis of SOM, BSR, Ct, MBC, qCO2 and qCM. P100-P300 samples had the highest SBFI score (28.7) and ranked in the class V (very high) of biological fertility, achieving steady-state conditions after 146 years. SBFI was significantly positively correlated with SOM, TN, MBC, MBN, BSR, Ct and Nt, whereas it was significantly negatively correlated with pH, qCO2 and C mineralization quotient (qCM). MBC and qCM were two independent variables with considerable positive effects on SBFI. Long-term rice cultivation could facilitate C and N accumulation and enhance biological fertility in soils via microbial activity, especially within 300 years. Our findings demonstrate that rice cultivation has the potential to enhance soil C and N accumulation. Carbon-related SBFI is suitable for assessing soils under long-term rice cultivation, mainly because the rice paddy field is an intensive and conservative system.

中国土地开垦后长期种植水稻的时序中土壤生物肥力的演变
土地利用通过影响碳(C)和氮(N)循环而对土壤生物肥力产生重大影响。本研究调查了滩涂开垦后长期种植水稻对土壤碳、氮代谢、微生物生物量和生物肥力的影响。本研究在亚热带季风气候区沿海填海区(0-700 年)的年代序列中确定了 18 个复合表层土(0-20 厘米)样本,即滩涂(T0)、盐沼土(S10)和水稻土(P50、P100、P300 和 P700)。利用方差分析、单指数回归模型和多元线性回归分析了土壤有机质(SOM)、全氮(TN)、累积碳矿化含量(Ct)和氮矿化含量(Nt)、P50-P700 样本的土壤基础呼吸作用(BSR)和微生物生物量 C 和 N(MBC 和 MBN)显著高于 T0 和 S10 样本,而 P50-P700 样本的 C 代谢商(qCO2)显著低于 T0 和 S10 样本。SOM 和 TN 达到稳定状态的时间分别为 357 年和 80 年;Ct 和 Nt 分别为 133 年和 221 年;MBC 和 MBN 分别为 318 年和 183 年。此外,还根据 SOM、BSR、Ct、MBC、qCO2 和 qCM 计算了土壤生物肥力指数(SBFI)。P100-P300 样本的 SBFI 得分最高(28.7),属于生物肥力 V 级(极高),在 146 年后达到稳定状态。SBFI 与 SOM、TN、MBC、MBN、BSR、Ct 和 Nt 呈显著正相关,而与 pH、qCO2 和 C 矿化商(qCM)呈显著负相关。MBC 和 qCM 这两个自变量对 SBFI 有相当大的正向影响。长期种植水稻可促进土壤中的碳和氮积累,并通过微生物活动提高土壤的生物肥力,尤其是在 300 年内。我们的研究结果表明,水稻种植具有提高土壤碳和氮积累的潜力。与碳相关的 SBFI 适合用于评估长期水稻种植下的土壤,这主要是因为水稻田是一个集约化的保守系统。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Soil Science
European Journal of Soil Science 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
4.80%
发文量
117
审稿时长
5 months
期刊介绍: The EJSS is an international journal that publishes outstanding papers in soil science that advance the theoretical and mechanistic understanding of physical, chemical and biological processes and their interactions in soils acting from molecular to continental scales in natural and managed environments.
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