{"title":"Depressive symptoms as risk factors for the onset of home hypertension: a prospective cohort study","authors":"Sayuri Tokioka, Naoki Nakaya, Rieko Hatanaka, Kumi Nakaya, Mana Kogure, Ippei Chiba, Kotaro Nochioka, Hirohito Metoki, Takahisa Murakami, Michihiro Satoh, Tomohiro Nakamura, Mami Ishikuro, Taku Obara, Yohei Hamanaka, Masatsugu Orui, Tomoko Kobayashi, Akira Uruno, Eiichi N. Kodama, Satoshi Nagaie, Soichi Ogishima, Yoko Izumi, Nobuo Fuse, Shinichi Kuriyama, Atsushi Hozawa","doi":"10.1038/s41440-024-01790-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Depression is comorbid with somatic diseases; however, the relationship between depressive symptoms and hypertension (HT), a risk factor for cardiovascular events, remains unclear. Home blood pressure (BP) is more reproducible and accurately predictive of cardiovascular diseases than office BP. Therefore, we focused on home BP and investigated whether depressive symptoms contributed to the future onset of home HT. This prospective cohort study used data from the Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-Cohort Study (conducted in the Miyagi Prefecture, Japan) and included participants with home normotension (systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 135 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 85 mmHg). Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Japanese version at the baseline survey. In the secondary survey, approximately 4 years later, the onset of home HT was evaluated (SBP ≥ 135 mmHg or DBP ≥ 85 mmHg) and was compared in participants with and without depressive symptoms. Of the 3 082 (mean age: 54.2 years; females: 80.9%) participants, 729 (23.7%) had depressive symptoms at the baseline survey. During the 3.5-year follow-up, 124 (17.0%) and 388 (16.5%) participants with and without depressive symptoms, respectively, developed home HT. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios were 1.37 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.84), 1.18 (95% CI: 0.86–1.61), and 1.66 (95% CI: 1.17–2.36) for home, morning, and evening HT, respectively. This relationship was consistent in the subgroup analyses according to age, sex, BP pattern, and drinking habit. Depressive symptoms increased the risk of new-onset home HT, particularly evening HT, among individuals with home normotension.","PeriodicalId":13029,"journal":{"name":"Hypertension Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41440-024-01790-9.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Hypertension Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41440-024-01790-9","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Depression is comorbid with somatic diseases; however, the relationship between depressive symptoms and hypertension (HT), a risk factor for cardiovascular events, remains unclear. Home blood pressure (BP) is more reproducible and accurately predictive of cardiovascular diseases than office BP. Therefore, we focused on home BP and investigated whether depressive symptoms contributed to the future onset of home HT. This prospective cohort study used data from the Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-Cohort Study (conducted in the Miyagi Prefecture, Japan) and included participants with home normotension (systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 135 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 85 mmHg). Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Japanese version at the baseline survey. In the secondary survey, approximately 4 years later, the onset of home HT was evaluated (SBP ≥ 135 mmHg or DBP ≥ 85 mmHg) and was compared in participants with and without depressive symptoms. Of the 3 082 (mean age: 54.2 years; females: 80.9%) participants, 729 (23.7%) had depressive symptoms at the baseline survey. During the 3.5-year follow-up, 124 (17.0%) and 388 (16.5%) participants with and without depressive symptoms, respectively, developed home HT. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios were 1.37 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.84), 1.18 (95% CI: 0.86–1.61), and 1.66 (95% CI: 1.17–2.36) for home, morning, and evening HT, respectively. This relationship was consistent in the subgroup analyses according to age, sex, BP pattern, and drinking habit. Depressive symptoms increased the risk of new-onset home HT, particularly evening HT, among individuals with home normotension.
期刊介绍:
Hypertension Research is the official publication of the Japanese Society of Hypertension. The journal publishes papers reporting original clinical and experimental research that contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field of hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases. The journal publishes Review Articles, Articles, Correspondence and Comments.