Impact of fish oil supplementation on plasma levels of highly unsaturated fatty acid-containing lipid classes and molecular species in American football athletes.

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition & Metabolism Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI:10.1186/s12986-024-00815-x

Veronica Anne Mullins, Justin M Snider, Bryce Michael, Lydia Rose Porter, Roberta Diaz Brinton, Floyd H Chilton

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have linked sports-related concussions and repeated subconcussive head impacts in contact sport athletes to elevated brain injury biomarkers. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the primary omega-3 (n-3) highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) in the brain, has shown neuroprotective effects in animal models after brain injury, but clinical research has shown mixed results.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study on 29 Division 1 collegiate American football players, exploring the impact of DHA (2.5 g) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (1.0 g) supplied as ethyl esters, on levels of plasma lipids shown to cross the blood-brain barrier. Dietary intake data was collected using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Complex lipids and unesterified fatty acids were isolated from plasma, separated via reversed-phase liquid chromatography and analyzed by targeted lipidomics analysis.

Results: FFQ results indicated that participants had low dietary n-3 HUFA intake and high omega-6 (n-6):n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and HUFA ratios at baseline. After DHA + EPA supplementation, plasma lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) containing DHA and EPA significantly increased at all timepoints (weeks 17, 21, and 26; p < 0.0001), surpassing placebo at Weeks 17 (p < 0.05) and 21 (p < 0.05). Phosphatidylcholine (PC) molecular species containing DHA or EPA, PC38:6 PC36:6, PC38:7, PC40:6, and PC40:8, increased significantly in the DHA + EPA treatment group at Weeks 17 (and 21. Plasma concentrations of non-esterified DHA and EPA rose post-supplementation in Weeks 17 and 21.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates that n-3 HUFA supplementation, in the form of ethyl esters, increased the DHA and EPA containing plasma lipid pools the have the capacity to enrich brain lipids and the potential to mitigate the effects of sports-related concussions and repeated subconcussive head impacts.

Trial registration: All deidentified data are available at ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT0479207.

查看原文本刊更多论文

补充鱼油对美式橄榄球运动员血浆中含高度不饱和脂肪酸脂类和分子种类水平的影响。

背景：以往的研究表明，接触性运动运动员的运动相关脑震荡和反复的亚撞击性头部撞击与脑损伤生物标志物的升高有关。二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）是大脑中主要的欧米伽-3（n-3）高度不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA），在脑损伤后的动物模型中显示出神经保护作用，但临床研究结果不一：我们对 29 名美式橄榄球甲级联赛球员进行了一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究，探讨以乙酯形式提供的 DHA（2.5 克）和二十碳五烯酸（EPA）（1.0 克）对血浆中可穿过血脑屏障的脂质水平的影响。膳食摄入量数据是通过食物频率问卷（FFQ）收集的。从血浆中分离出复合脂质和未酯化脂肪酸，通过反相液相色谱法进行分离，并采用靶向脂质组学分析方法进行分析：FFQ结果表明，基线时参与者的膳食中n-3 HUFA摄入量较低，ω-6（n-6）:n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和HUFA比率较高。补充 DHA + EPA 后，血浆中含有 DHA 和 EPA 的溶血磷脂酰胆碱 (LPC) 在所有时间点（第 17、21 和 26 周；p 结论：该研究表明，n-3 HUFA 的摄入量和ω-6（n-6）：n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和 HUFA 的比例都很高：这项研究表明，以乙酯形式补充 n-3 HUFA 可以增加血浆脂质池中的 DHA 和 EPA 含量，从而丰富脑脂质，并有可能减轻运动相关脑震荡和反复头部亚撞击的影响：所有去标识化数据可在 ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT0479207 网站上查阅。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition & Metabolism 医学-营养学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition & Metabolism publishes studies with a clear focus on nutrition and metabolism with applications ranging from nutrition needs, exercise physiology, clinical and population studies, as well as the underlying mechanisms in these aspects. The areas of interest for Nutrition & Metabolism encompass studies in molecular nutrition in the context of obesity, diabetes, lipedemias, metabolic syndrome and exercise physiology. Manuscripts related to molecular, cellular and human metabolism, nutrient sensing and nutrient–gene interactions are also in interest, as are submissions that have employed new and innovative strategies like metabolomics/lipidomics or other omic-based biomarkers to predict nutritional status and metabolic diseases. Key areas we wish to encourage submissions from include: -how diet and specific nutrients interact with genes, proteins or metabolites to influence metabolic phenotypes and disease outcomes; -the role of epigenetic factors and the microbiome in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases and their influence on metabolic responses to diet and food components; -how diet and other environmental factors affect epigenetics and microbiota; the extent to which genetic and nongenetic factors modify personal metabolic responses to diet and food compositions and the mechanisms involved; -how specific biologic networks and nutrient sensing mechanisms attribute to metabolic variability.