Discovery of a novel spotted fever group Rickettsia, “Candidatus Rickettsia kedanie,” in unfed larval chigger mites, Leptotrombidium scutellare

IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY
Motohiko Ogawa, Minenosuke Matsutani, Takashi Katayama, Nobuhiro Takada, Shinichi Noda, Mamoru Takahashi, Daisuke Kageyama, Nozomu Hanaoka, Hideki Ebihara
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsia, the causative agent of SFG rickettsiosis, is predominantly carried by ticks, whereas Orientia tsutusgamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus, is primarily transmitted by chigger mites in Japan. In this study, we attempted to isolate intracellular eubacteria from Leptotrombidium scutellare, a major vector of O. tsutsugamushi; moreover, we isolated an SFG rickettsia using a mosquito-derived cell line. Draft genome sequences of this unique isolate, by applying criteria for species delimitation, classified this isolate as a novel strain, proposed as “Rickettsia kedanie.” Further genetic analysis identified conserved virulence factors, and the isolate successfully propagated in mammalian cells, suggesting its ability to cause diseases in humans. The presence of SFG rickettsia in unfed larvae implies potential dual-pathogen carriage and reflects a symbiotic relationship similar to that between the mites and O. tsutsugamushi, indicating possibility of its transovarial transmission from female adults. Furthermore, conserved genomic similarity of the novel isolate to known SFG rickettsia suggests potential multiple hosts, including chiggers and ticks. In the natural environment, ticks, chigger mites, and wild animals may carry new isolates, complicating the infection cycle and increasing the transmission risks to humans. This discovery challenges the conventional association of SFG rickettsia with ticks, emphasizing its implications for research and disease control. However, this study was confined to a particular species of chigger mites and geographic area, underscoring the necessity for additional studies to comprehend the ecological dynamics, host interactions, and health implications linked to this newly identified SFG rickettsia.

在未进食的幼虫恙螨(Leptotrombidium scutellare)中发现新型斑疹热立克次体 "Candidatus Rickettsia kedanie"。
斑疹热立克次体(SFG)是 SFG 立克次体病的病原体,主要由蜱携带,而恙虫病的病原体恙虫病菌(Orientia tsutusgamushi)在日本主要由恙螨(chigger mites)传播。在这项研究中,我们试图从恙虫病的主要传播媒介恙虫螨(Leptotrombidium scutellare)中分离出细胞内的立克次体;此外,我们还利用蚊子衍生的细胞系分离出了一种 SFG 立克次体。根据物种划分标准,这一独特分离物的基因组序列草案将其归类为一种新型菌株,并提议将其命名为 "Rickettsia kedanie"。进一步的遗传分析确定了保守的致病因子,而且该分离株在哺乳动物细胞中成功繁殖,表明它有能力在人类中致病。SFG立克次体存在于未喂养的幼虫体内,这意味着它可能携带双重病原体,并反映了一种类似于螨与恙虫病O. tsutsugamushi之间的共生关系,表明它有可能从雌性成虫体内经病毒传播。此外,新分离株与已知的 SFG 立克次体基因组的相似性表明,它可能有多个宿主,包括恙虫和蜱。在自然环境中,蜱、恙螨和野生动物可能携带新的分离株,从而使感染周期复杂化,增加了向人类传播的风险。这一发现挑战了SFG立克次体与蜱虫的传统联系,强调了其对研究和疾病控制的意义。不过,这项研究仅限于特定种类的恙螨和特定的地理区域,因此有必要进行更多的研究,以了解与这种新发现的SFG立克次体相关的生态动态、宿主相互作用和健康影响。
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来源期刊
Microbiology and Immunology
Microbiology and Immunology 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
3.80%
发文量
78
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Microbiology and Immunology is published in association with Japanese Society for Bacteriology, Japanese Society for Virology, and Japanese Society for Host Defense Research. It is peer-reviewed publication that provides insight into the study of microbes and the host immune, biological and physiological responses. Fields covered by Microbiology and Immunology include:Bacteriology|Virology|Immunology|pathogenic infections in human, animals and plants|pathogenicity and virulence factors such as microbial toxins and cell-surface components|factors involved in host defense, inflammation, development of vaccines|antimicrobial agents and drug resistance of microbes|genomics and proteomics.
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