Changes in paranasal sinus volumes, temporal bone pneumatization, internal acoustic canal and olfactory cleft dimensions over the centuries: a comparison of skulls from different epochs in Anatolia.

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-08 DOI:10.1007/s00405-024-08804-9

Levent Yücel, Fatemeh Azizi, Salih Cengiz Meral, Çilem Sönmez Sözer, Ayla Sevim Erol, Zafer Ünsal Çoşkun, Timur Gültekin, Ceren Karaçaylı, Bülent Satar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: Investigating changes in temporal bone pneumatization (TBP) and paranasal sinus volumes (PSV) across different eras may help understanding not only changes in skull anatomy but also pathophysiology of chronic otitis media and sinusitis, respectively, which are common health problems.

Methods: Eight skulls from the second century AD, 20 skulls were from the 10th-11th centuries AD, 20 skulls from the 16th-19th centuries AD, and 60 contemporary skulls were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Using computerized tomography (CT) scans, the PSV were calculated by multiplying the height, width, and antero-posterior distance of the sinuses. TBP was divided into three types. Internal acoustic canal (IAC) length and width, and olfactory cleft (OC) width were measured.

Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the paranasal sinus (frontal, maxillary, and sphenoid) volumes between the groups. However, TBP decreased statistically significantly over time on both sides of the skulls (p = 0.001). The contemporary IAC and OC measures were found to be significantly lower on both sides compared to the skulls from the other three eras (p < 0.001 for both).

Conclusions: Although no significant change was observed in PSV, decreases were evident in TBP, OC width and IAC length and width over time. It appears a fair inference that changes in size of OC and IAC might be another indication of the fact that olfaction and hearing were more vital for survival in old eras. Since we do not know incidence of chronic ear problems in old eras, we cannot speculate outcome of increased TBP in terms of developing chronic ear diseases. On the contrary, increased TBP was likely to play a protective role in traumas in old ears. Additionally, the environmental influences may be crucial role in the development of paranasal sinuses.

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几个世纪以来副鼻窦体积、颞骨气化、内听道和嗅裂尺寸的变化：安纳托利亚不同时代头骨的比较。

目的：研究颞骨气化（TBP）和副鼻窦容积（PSV）在不同时代的变化不仅有助于了解头骨解剖学的变化，还有助于了解慢性中耳炎和鼻窦炎这两种常见健康问题的病理生理学：这项横断面观察研究包括 8 个公元 2 世纪的头骨、20 个公元 10-11 世纪的头骨、20 个公元 16-19 世纪的头骨和 60 个当代头骨。通过计算机断层扫描（CT），将鼻窦的高度、宽度和前后距离相乘，计算出 PSV。TBP分为三种类型。测量了内听道（IAC）的长度和宽度以及嗅裂（OC）的宽度：结果：两组鼻旁窦（额窦、上颌窦和蝶窦）的体积在统计学上无明显差异。然而，两侧头骨的TBP随着时间的推移明显下降（p = 0.001）。与其他三个时代的头骨相比，发现当代两侧头骨的 IAC 和 OC 测量值明显较低（p 结论）：虽然在 PSV 方面没有观察到明显的变化，但随着时间的推移，TBP、OC 宽度以及 IAC 长度和宽度明显下降。一个合理的推断是，OC 和 IAC 尺寸的变化可能是另一个迹象，表明在旧时代嗅觉和听觉对生存更为重要。由于我们不知道旧时代慢性耳病的发病率，因此无法推测 TBP 增加对慢性耳病的影响。相反，TBP 的增加很可能对老年耳部创伤起到保护作用。此外，环境影响可能对副鼻窦的发育起着至关重要的作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 医学-耳鼻喉科学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

7.70%

发文量

537

审稿时长

2-4 weeks

期刊介绍： Official Journal of European Union of Medical Specialists – ORL Section and Board Official Journal of Confederation of European Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery "European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology" publishes original clinical reports and clinically relevant experimental studies, as well as short communications presenting new results of special interest. With peer review by a respected international editorial board and prompt English-language publication, the journal provides rapid dissemination of information by authors from around the world. This particular feature makes it the journal of choice for readers who want to be informed about the continuing state of the art concerning basic sciences and the diagnosis and management of diseases of the head and neck on an international level. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology was founded in 1864 as "Archiv für Ohrenheilkunde" by A. von Tröltsch, A. Politzer and H. Schwartze.