Insights into date seed oil composition: Geographical variability and potential applications

IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Said El Harkaoui, Katharina N'Diaye, Said Gharby, Maryam Al-Hilal, Zoubida Charrouf, Sascha Rohn, Bertrand Matthäus
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) processing generates substantial quantities of date seeds, constituting a potential source of valuable oil yet currently considered waste. This study aimed at characterizing date seed oil (DSO) as a prospective approach for date seed valorization while investigating the influence of geographical origin on its composition. Samples from three Moroccan palm groves (Allougoum, Alnif, and Errachidia) and four non-Moroccan samples were analyzed. Liquid and gas chromatography were applied to determine the chemical composition. The prevalent fatty acids were oleic acid (Ol), ranging from 40.8% to 50.2%, followed by lauric acid (La, 14.0%–24.2%), myristic acid (My, 9.0%–12.6%), palmitic acid (Pa, 9.0%–11.6%), linoleic acid (7.1%–10.7%), and stearic acid (St, 2.4%–4.8%). Major triacylglycerols identified included LaOlLa, LaOlMy, LaOlPa, LaOlOl, MyOlPa, MyOlOl, and PaOlOl. Notably, DSO contains significant tocochromanol (424–760 mg kg−1) and phytosterol content (3422–4827 mg kg−1), with specific phytosterols identified for the first time. Multivariate analysis employing principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis, supplemented by heatmaps, underscored the influence of geographical origin on DSO composition. Moroccan samples exhibited distinctive profiles rich in St, Ol, Pa, PaOlSt, MyOlPa, PaOlPa, γ-tocotrienol, and δ-tocotrienol, leading to a differentiation from non-Moroccan oils. Challenges in classifying DSO within selected Moroccan palm groves were discussed, emphasizing the necessity to consider major and minor compounds, along with date varieties, in geographical effect studies.

Practical Applications: By delving into the chemical properties and potential applications of DSO, this research strives to contribute to sustainable and economically viable approaches for utilizing agricultural waste products.

Abstract Image

洞察枣籽油成分:地理变异和潜在应用
椰枣果实(Phoenix dactylifera L.)加工过程中会产生大量椰枣籽,这些椰枣籽是宝贵油脂的潜在来源,但目前却被视为废物。这项研究旨在确定椰枣籽油 (DSO) 的特征,作为椰枣籽价值化的一种前瞻性方法,同时调查地理来源对其成分的影响。研究分析了来自三个摩洛哥棕榈林(阿卢古姆、阿尔尼夫和埃拉奇迪亚)和四个非摩洛哥棕榈林的样本。采用液相色谱法和气相色谱法确定化学成分。主要脂肪酸是油酸(Ol),占 40.8%-50.2%,其次是月桂酸(La,14.0%-24.2%)、肉豆蔻酸(My,9.0%-12.6%)、棕榈酸(Pa,9.0%-11.6%)、亚油酸(7.1%-10.7%)和硬脂酸(St,2.4%-4.8%)。鉴定出的主要三酰甘油包括 LaOlLa、LaOlMy、LaOlPa、LaOlOl、MyOlPa、MyOlOl 和 PaOlOl。值得注意的是,DSO 含有大量的托可色醇(424-760 毫克/千克-1)和植物甾醇(3422-4827 毫克/千克-1),并且首次发现了特定的植物甾醇。利用主成分分析和分层聚类分析以及热图进行的多变量分析强调了地理来源对 DSO 成分的影响。摩洛哥样本表现出独特的特征,富含 St、Ol、Pa、PaOlSt、MyOlPa、PaOlPa、γ-生育三烯酚和 δ-生育三烯酚,从而与非摩洛哥油脂区分开来。讨论了在选定的摩洛哥棕榈树林中对 DSO 进行分类所面临的挑战,强调了在地理效应研究中考虑主要和次要化合物以及椰枣品种的必要性:通过深入研究 DSO 的化学特性和潜在应用,本研究致力于为利用农业废弃物产品的可持续和经济可行的方法做出贡献。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
101
审稿时长
6-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology is a peer-reviewed journal publishing original research articles, reviews, and other contributions on lipid related topics in food science and technology, biomedical science including clinical and pre-clinical research, nutrition, animal science, plant and microbial lipids, (bio)chemistry, oleochemistry, biotechnology, processing, physical chemistry, and analytics including lipidomics. A major focus of the journal is the synthesis of health related topics with applied aspects. Following is a selection of subject areas which are of special interest to EJLST: Animal and plant products for healthier foods including strategic feeding and transgenic crops Authentication and analysis of foods for ensuring food quality and safety Bioavailability of PUFA and other nutrients Dietary lipids and minor compounds, their specific roles in food products and in nutrition Food technology and processing for safer and healthier products Functional foods and nutraceuticals Lipidomics Lipid structuring and formulations Oleochemistry, lipid-derived polymers and biomaterials Processes using lipid-modifying enzymes The scope is not restricted to these areas. Submissions on topics at the interface of basic research and applications are strongly encouraged. The journal is the official organ the European Federation for the Science and Technology of Lipids (Euro Fed Lipid).
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