{"title":"Sequential Electrochemical and Chemical Multi-Polymerization of Catechol for Abatement of Environmental Pollutants","authors":"Osman Cem Altıncı, Bahadır K. Körbahti","doi":"10.1007/s11270-024-07306-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Catechol is a substance that is commonly found in wastewaters from a variety of sectors including paper, paint, petroleum, dyes, antioxidants, pesticides, iron and steel, solvents, nylon, detergent, textile, plastic, rubber, cosmetics, and medicine. In this study, sequential electrochemical and chemical multi-polymerization of catechol was investigated for environmental pollution abatement. The effect of operating parameters like catechol concentration (2–10 g/L), ammonium persulphate (APS) concentration (2–10 g/L) and reaction temperature (20–60 °C) were evaluated using response surface methodology. Catechol concentration was determined using HPLC in a gradient mobile phase. The electrochemical behavior of the polymer was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The structural and morphological properties of polycatechol were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX) analysis. It was observed from the SEM images a polymeric structure developed from a crystalline and heterogeneous structure when the APS concentration increased. Similarly, it was seen in SEM images that the polymers transitioned from a bulk and heterogeneous structure to a homogeneous structure as the temperature increased, and back to a heterogeneous structure as the catechol concentration increased. It was also found that catechol removal increased and reaction selectivity decreased by increasing the reaction temperature. The optimum operating conditions were found as 4 g/L catechol concentration, 9.5 g/L APS concentration, 30 °C reaction temperature with 100 cycles at 50 mV/s of electrochemical polymerization and 72 h of chemical polymerization. The results of this study show the potential of challenging new routes not only facile polymerization of organic monomers but also to decrease the undesirable pollutant concentration in the wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","FirstCategoryId":"6","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-024-07306-y","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Catechol is a substance that is commonly found in wastewaters from a variety of sectors including paper, paint, petroleum, dyes, antioxidants, pesticides, iron and steel, solvents, nylon, detergent, textile, plastic, rubber, cosmetics, and medicine. In this study, sequential electrochemical and chemical multi-polymerization of catechol was investigated for environmental pollution abatement. The effect of operating parameters like catechol concentration (2–10 g/L), ammonium persulphate (APS) concentration (2–10 g/L) and reaction temperature (20–60 °C) were evaluated using response surface methodology. Catechol concentration was determined using HPLC in a gradient mobile phase. The electrochemical behavior of the polymer was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The structural and morphological properties of polycatechol were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX) analysis. It was observed from the SEM images a polymeric structure developed from a crystalline and heterogeneous structure when the APS concentration increased. Similarly, it was seen in SEM images that the polymers transitioned from a bulk and heterogeneous structure to a homogeneous structure as the temperature increased, and back to a heterogeneous structure as the catechol concentration increased. It was also found that catechol removal increased and reaction selectivity decreased by increasing the reaction temperature. The optimum operating conditions were found as 4 g/L catechol concentration, 9.5 g/L APS concentration, 30 °C reaction temperature with 100 cycles at 50 mV/s of electrochemical polymerization and 72 h of chemical polymerization. The results of this study show the potential of challenging new routes not only facile polymerization of organic monomers but also to decrease the undesirable pollutant concentration in the wastewater.
期刊介绍:
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments.
Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation.
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.