Comparative life cycle assessment of sequential chemical and electrochemical processes for the treatment of industrial textile wastewater

IF 2.6 4区 化学 Q3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Luis Miguel Salazar-Sogamoso, Miguel-Ángel Gómez-García, Izabela Dobrosz-Gómez
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Abstract

Fenton-based processes, chemical and electrochemical, have attracted the interest of industrial and academic researchers for wastewater treatment. However, the deficiency of rigorous comparison between different methods, including assessment of their impact on the environment, has hindered their large-scale application. This study reports for the first time on the sustainability of raw textile wastewater treatment through two sequential processes, Coagulation-Flocculation-Fenton-Neutralization (CF-F-N) and Coagulation-Flocculation-Electro-Fenton-Neutralization (CF-EF-N), based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. The CF-F-N and CF-EF-N were optimized at laboratory scale and compared through LCA, using the IPCC-2013 and ReCiPe-2016 midpoint and endpoint methods. The highest CO2 emissions relied on the wastewater primary treatment by CF. This due to the high amount of hazardous sludge generated and the technology necessary for its disposal (i.e., 16.89 kg CO2-Eq/FU for underground deposit in security cells or 47.52 kg CO2-Eq/FU for incineration) as well as the consumption of reagents required for the treatment (alum, 7.72 kg CO2-Eq/FU; and slaked lime, 5.56 kg CO2-Eq/FU). Regarding the sequential processes, the EF-N presented lower carbon footprint (CFP) than the F-N (14.74 kg CO2-Eq/FU vs. 20.74 kg CO2-Eq/FU). Electricity (87.02% of the total CFP) and reagents (88.63% of the total CFP) denoted the main environmental hotspot during the EF-N and F-N, respectively. The EF-N, compared to the F-N, had an inferior incidence in 14 of the 18 impact categories analyzed using the ReCiPe-2016 method at the midpoint level. This is the result of low consumption of reagents and auxiliary chemicals. The electricity was also found as main environmental hotspot of the EF-N. The ReCiPe-2016 method at the endpoint level showed that the EF-N resulted in lower environmental load in all impact categories. The economic performance (11.91 USD/m3 for CF-EF-N vs. 13.66 USD/m3 for CF-F-N) and LCA demonstrated the competitiveness of the electrochemical sequential process compared to the chemical one. The CF-EF-N can be considered more environmentally sustainable technology.

Abstract Image

序贯化学和电化学工艺处理工业纺织废水的生命周期比较评估
基于芬顿的化学和电化学工艺在废水处理方面引起了工业和学术研究人员的兴趣。然而,不同方法之间缺乏严格的比较,包括对环境影响的评估,这阻碍了它们的大规模应用。本研究首次报道了基于生命周期评估(LCA)方法,通过混凝-絮凝-芬顿-中和(CF-F-N)和混凝-絮凝-电-芬顿-中和(CF-EF-N)两种连续工艺处理纺织废水的可持续性。采用 IPCC-2013 和 ReCiPe-2016 中点和终点方法,在实验室规模对 CF-F-N 和 CF-EF-N 进行了优化,并通过生命周期评估进行了比较。采用 CF 进行废水一级处理的二氧化碳排放量最高。这是因为产生了大量有害污泥,而且需要采用必要的技术来处置这些污泥(即,在安全池中地下沉积为 16.89 千克 CO2-Eq/FU,或焚烧为 47.52 千克 CO2-Eq/FU),同时还需要消耗处理所需的试剂(明矾,7.72 千克 CO2-Eq/FU;熟石灰,5.56 千克 CO2-Eq/FU)。在连续工艺方面,EF-N 的碳足迹(CFP)低于 F-N(14.74 千克 CO2-Eq/FU 对 20.74 千克 CO2-Eq/FU)。电力(占总碳足迹的 87.02%)和试剂(占总碳足迹的 88.63%)分别是 EF-N 和 F-N 的主要环境热点。在使用 ReCiPe-2016 方法分析的 18 个影响类别中,EF-N 与 F-N 相比,在中点水平上有 14 个影响类别的发生率较低。这是因为试剂和辅助化学品的消耗量较低。电力也是 EF-N 的主要环境热点。终点水平的 ReCiPe-2016 方法显示,EF-N 在所有影响类别中的环境负荷都较低。经济效益(CF-EF-N 为 11.91 美元/立方米,CF-F-N 为 13.66 美元/立方米)和生命周期分析表明,与化学工艺相比,电化学序贯工艺具有竞争力。CF-EF-N被认为是环境可持续性更强的技术。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
4.00%
发文量
227
审稿时长
4.1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry is devoted to all aspects of solid-state chemistry and solid-state physics in electrochemistry. The Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry publishes papers on all aspects of electrochemistry of solid compounds, including experimental and theoretical, basic and applied work. It equally publishes papers on the thermodynamics and kinetics of electrochemical reactions if at least one actively participating phase is solid. Also of interest are articles on the transport of ions and electrons in solids whenever these processes are relevant to electrochemical reactions and on the use of solid-state electrochemical reactions in the analysis of solids and their surfaces. The journal covers solid-state electrochemistry and focusses on the following fields: mechanisms of solid-state electrochemical reactions, semiconductor electrochemistry, electrochemical batteries, accumulators and fuel cells, electrochemical mineral leaching, galvanic metal plating, electrochemical potential memory devices, solid-state electrochemical sensors, ion and electron transport in solid materials and polymers, electrocatalysis, photoelectrochemistry, corrosion of solid materials, solid-state electroanalysis, electrochemical machining of materials, electrochromism and electrochromic devices, new electrochemical solid-state synthesis. The Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry makes the professional in research and industry aware of this swift progress and its importance for future developments and success in the above-mentioned fields.
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