Exposure of small ruminants to the Schmallenberg arbovirus in Germany from 2017 to 2018 – animal-specific and flock-management-related risk factors

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Preventive veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106274

Frederik Kiene , Martin Ganter , Benjamin U. Bauer

{"title":"Exposure of small ruminants to the Schmallenberg arbovirus in Germany from 2017 to 2018 – animal-specific and flock-management-related risk factors","authors":"Frederik Kiene , Martin Ganter , Benjamin U. Bauer","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106274","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Schmallenberg virus (SBV), an emerging <em>Orthobunyavirus</em> of mainly ruminant hosts, caused a substantial epidemic in European ruminant populations between 2011 and 2013. The pathogen is transmitted by arthropod vectors (<em>Culicoides</em> spp.) and can cause reproductive disorders and severe malformations of the offspring or stillbirth. The present study aimed to assess SBV seroprevalence among German sheep and goats a few years after the first virus detection in the country (November 2011). In addition, an extensive risk factor analysis including host-specific and husbandry-related factors was implemented. Seroprevalence was determined by examining serum samples from 2759 sheep and 446 goats out of a total of 70 flocks across five German federal states. The samples were withdrawn in the period between 2017 and 2018. Using a commercial competitive ELISA, antibodies against SBV were detected in all 70 investigated flocks. A percentage of 60.1 % (1657/2759) of the sheep and 40.4 % (180/446) of the goat sera contained SBV antibodies. Generalized linear mixed modeling revealed significant effects of host species (sheep > goats), age (old > young) and sex (female > male) on SBV seroprevalence. For both species, also the farming purpose, and for goats, ectoparasite treatment and the presence of cattle on the farm played a role in terms of risk for SBV exposure. The observations from this study still emphasize a wide distribution of the pathogen in Germany. Nevertheless, the observed seroprevalence might not be sufficient to achieve effective herd immunity. Pinpointing risk factors identified susceptible populations for targeted vaccination programs to reduce potential animal losses caused by SBV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587724001600/pdfft?md5=b4a63fb0ea9d320563c93915b77710fb&pid=1-s2.0-S0167587724001600-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Preventive veterinary medicine","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167587724001600","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Schmallenberg virus (SBV), an emerging Orthobunyavirus of mainly ruminant hosts, caused a substantial epidemic in European ruminant populations between 2011 and 2013. The pathogen is transmitted by arthropod vectors (Culicoides spp.) and can cause reproductive disorders and severe malformations of the offspring or stillbirth. The present study aimed to assess SBV seroprevalence among German sheep and goats a few years after the first virus detection in the country (November 2011). In addition, an extensive risk factor analysis including host-specific and husbandry-related factors was implemented. Seroprevalence was determined by examining serum samples from 2759 sheep and 446 goats out of a total of 70 flocks across five German federal states. The samples were withdrawn in the period between 2017 and 2018. Using a commercial competitive ELISA, antibodies against SBV were detected in all 70 investigated flocks. A percentage of 60.1 % (1657/2759) of the sheep and 40.4 % (180/446) of the goat sera contained SBV antibodies. Generalized linear mixed modeling revealed significant effects of host species (sheep > goats), age (old > young) and sex (female > male) on SBV seroprevalence. For both species, also the farming purpose, and for goats, ectoparasite treatment and the presence of cattle on the farm played a role in terms of risk for SBV exposure. The observations from this study still emphasize a wide distribution of the pathogen in Germany. Nevertheless, the observed seroprevalence might not be sufficient to achieve effective herd immunity. Pinpointing risk factors identified susceptible populations for targeted vaccination programs to reduce potential animal losses caused by SBV.

查看原文本刊更多论文

2017年至2018年德国小型反刍动物接触施马伦贝格虫媒病毒的情况--动物特异性和羊群管理相关风险因素

施马伦贝格病毒（SBV）是一种主要以反刍动物为宿主的新出现的直肠病毒，2011 年至 2013 年间在欧洲反刍动物种群中引起了大规模流行。该病原体通过节肢动物媒介（Culicoides spp.）传播，可导致繁殖障碍、后代严重畸形或死胎。本研究旨在评估德国绵羊和山羊在首次检测到病毒（2011 年 11 月）几年后的 SBV 血清流行率。此外，还进行了广泛的风险因素分析，包括宿主特异性因素和饲养相关因素。血清流行率是通过检测德国五个联邦州共 70 个羊群中 2759 只绵羊和 446 只山羊的血清样本确定的。这些样本是在 2017 年至 2018 年期间提取的。使用商业竞争性酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA），在所有 70 个接受调查的羊群中都检测到了 SBV 抗体。60.1%（1657/2759）的绵羊和40.4%（180/446）的山羊血清中含有SBV抗体。广义线性混合模型显示，宿主种类（绵羊和山羊）、年龄（老年和青年）和性别（雌性和雄性）对 SBV 血清流行率有显著影响。对这两个物种而言，养殖目的和山羊的体外寄生虫治疗以及农场中是否有牛也会对 SBV 感染风险产生影响。这项研究的观察结果仍然强调了病原体在德国的广泛分布。然而，观察到的血清流行率可能不足以实现有效的牛群免疫。准确定位风险因素可确定易感人群，从而有针对性地开展疫苗接种计划，减少 SBV 可能造成的动物损失。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Preventive veterinary medicine 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

7.70%

发文量

184

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Preventive Veterinary Medicine is one of the leading international resources for scientific reports on animal health programs and preventive veterinary medicine. The journal follows the guidelines for standardizing and strengthening the reporting of biomedical research which are available from the CONSORT, MOOSE, PRISMA, REFLECT, STARD, and STROBE statements. The journal focuses on: Epidemiology of health events relevant to domestic and wild animals; Economic impacts of epidemic and endemic animal and zoonotic diseases; Latest methods and approaches in veterinary epidemiology; Disease and infection control or eradication measures; The "One Health" concept and the relationships between veterinary medicine, human health, animal-production systems, and the environment; Development of new techniques in surveillance systems and diagnosis; Evaluation and control of diseases in animal populations.