Effect of harvesting season and location on the microbial quality and community composition of the edible sea urchin (Echinus esculentus) gonads

IF 4.5 1区 农林科学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Dionysios Tsoukalas, Imen Hamed, Sunniva Hoel, Jørgen Lerfall, Anita Nordeng Jakobsen
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Abstract

Despite the crucial role of microbial community composition in the quality and stability of seafood, little emphasis has been given to the microbiota profile of sea urchin gonads. This study investigates the microbial quality and community composition of sea urchin gonads (Echinus esculentus) as a function of harvesting season (autumn, winter, spring, and summer) and location (one site proximal to urban activity areas while the other is located in open water close to the coastline). Significant season-dependent variations were found in psychrotrophic and aerobic plate counts, with higher counts in summer, followed by autumn, spring, and winter. H2S-producing bacteria and Pseudomonas spp. counts were unaffected by harvesting season or location. Sea urchin gonad microbial composition proved resilient and dynamic, primarily shaped by seasonal variations, and minimally influenced by location. Winter and spring samples exhibited higher diversity than autumn and summer. Key genera like Pseudomonas, Psychromonas, Vibrio, Chryseobacterium, Shewanella, and Photobacterium varied seasonally. Pseudomonas, Vibrio, and Photobacterium are crucial in assessing microbial quality and safety due to their roles as specific spoilage organisms (SSOs) and, in some cases, human pathogens. Though relative abundances differed slightly between locations, harvesting location did not notably impact microbial community shaping in gonads. However, the results suggest that harvesting locations near areas with urban activity may lead to contamination with specific bacterial species, possibly due to water quality variations. These findings emphasize the importance of considering seasonality when evaluating sea urchin gonad microbial quality. Identifying key genera enhances insights into potential SSOs and human pathogens, enhancing food safety considerations in the consumption of raw or lightly processed sea urchin gonads and guiding the development of preservation methods to extend shelf life.

Abstract Image

收获季节和地点对食用海胆生殖腺微生物质量和群落组成的影响
尽管微生物群落组成对海产品的质量和稳定性起着至关重要的作用,但人们很少关注海胆生殖腺的微生物群谱。本研究调查了海胆生殖腺(Echinus esculentus)的微生物质量和群落组成与收获季节(秋季、冬季、春季和夏季)和地点(一个地点靠近城市活动区,另一个地点位于靠近海岸线的开阔水域)的关系。在精神营养和需氧平板计数方面发现了显著的季节性变化,夏季计数较高,其次是秋季、春季和冬季。产 H2S 细菌和假单胞菌计数不受收获季节或地点的影响。海胆生殖腺微生物组成具有弹性和动态性,主要受季节变化的影响,受地点的影响很小。冬季和春季样本的多样性高于秋季和夏季样本。假单胞菌属、精神单胞菌属、弧菌属、奇异变形杆菌属、雪旺菌属和光杆菌属等关键菌属在季节上存在差异。假单胞菌、弧菌和光杆菌是评估微生物质量和安全的关键,因为它们是特定的腐败微生物(SSO),在某些情况下还是人类病原体。虽然不同地点的相对丰度略有不同,但采收地点对性腺中微生物群落的形成并无明显影响。不过,研究结果表明,可能由于水质的变化,靠近城市活动区的采收地点可能会导致特定细菌物种的污染。这些发现强调了在评估海胆性腺微生物质量时考虑季节性的重要性。确定关键菌属有助于深入了解潜在的 SSO 和人类病原体,加强对食用生海胆或轻度加工海胆生殖腺的食品安全考虑,并指导开发延长保质期的保存方法。
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来源期刊
Food microbiology
Food microbiology 工程技术-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
11.30
自引率
3.80%
发文量
179
审稿时长
44 days
期刊介绍: Food Microbiology publishes original research articles, short communications, review papers, letters, news items and book reviews dealing with all aspects of the microbiology of foods. The editors aim to publish manuscripts of the highest quality which are both relevant and applicable to the broad field covered by the journal. Studies must be novel, have a clear connection to food microbiology, and be of general interest to the international community of food microbiologists. The editors make every effort to ensure rapid and fair reviews, resulting in timely publication of accepted manuscripts.
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