Characteristics of the Tropical Tropopause over Chennai (13.0° N, 80.06° E) in the Northeast Monsoon Region

IF 1.9 4区地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

pure and applied geophysics Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI:10.1007/s00024-024-03519-8

Purushotham Pooja, Sanjay Kumar Mehta, Sachin Philip Kakkanattu, K. B. Betsy, C. J. Seetha, P. P. Musaid

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Abstract

Knowledge of the tracer characteristics, such as water vapor and ozone in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL), is vital in quantifying the radiation budget and critical to understanding the exchange processes between the troposphere and stratosphere. In this study, we have characterized the tropical tropopause parameters such as the cold point tropopause (CPT) height (CPT-H) and temperature (CPT-T), convective tropopause (COT) height (COT-H) and temperature (COT-T), and the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) using radiosonde observations during 2014–2019 over Chennai (13.0° N, 80.06° E) located in the northeast (NE) monsoon region. The water vapor and ozone data from the microwave limb sounder (MLS) simultaneous to the radiosonde observations are also utilized to understand their roles on the CPT variations for different convective conditions obtained from Infrared brightness temperature (IRBT) data. CPT over Chennai becomes higher (17.6 ± 0.3 km) and colder (189.7 ± 0.9 K) during the winter season and lower (16.6 ± 0.2 km) and warmer (192.1 ± 1.0 K) during the summer monsoon season, however, not in the same month. The water vapor (CPT-W) and ozone (CPT-O) mixing ratios at CPT are found to be lower (~ 70 ± 1.4 ppmv and 3.1 ± 0.4 ppmv) during the winter season and higher (153 ± 4.2 ppbv and 4.8 ± 0.6 ppmv) during summer monsoon season. COT, however, becomes lower (12.4 ± 0.3 km) and higher (13.3 ± 0.3 km) during pre-monsoon and summer monsoon seasons, respectively. The TTL thickness is lesser (3.5 ± 0.6 km) during the winter and greater (4.8 ± 0.8 km) during the summer monsoon seasons. Over Chennai, the seasonal variation of the upper troposphere and lower stratospheric temperature, water vapor, and ozone anomalies are in phase. We have categorized tropical convections as non-penetrative and penetrative using IRBT data. It is observed that the TTL temperature warms with the increasing strength of the non-penetrative convections and cools for the penetrative convection.

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东北季风区钦奈（北纬 13.0°，东经 80.06°）上空的热带热带顶的特征

了解热带对流层顶层（TTL）的水汽和臭氧等示踪特征对于量化辐射预算至关重要，对于了解对流层和平流层之间的交换过程也至关重要。在这项研究中，我们利用位于东北季风区的钦奈（北纬 13.0°，东经 80.06°）上空 2014-2019 年期间的无线电探空仪观测数据，对热带对流层顶参数，如冷点对流层顶（CPT）高度（CPT-H）和温度（CPT-T）、对流对流层顶（COT）高度（COT-H）和温度（COT-T）以及热带对流层顶层（TTL）进行了描述。此外，还利用与无线电探空仪观测同步进行的微波测边仪（MLS）的水汽和臭氧数据，以了解它们对红外亮度温度（IRBT）数据所获得的不同对流条件下 CPT 变化的影响。钦奈上空的 CPT 在冬季变得更高（17.6 ± 0.3 千米）、更冷（189.7 ± 0.9 千帕），在夏季季风季节变得更低（16.6 ± 0.2 千米）、更热（192.1 ± 1.0 千帕），但不是在同一个月份。发现 CPT 的水汽（CPT-W）和臭氧（CPT-O）混合比在冬季较低（~ 70 ± 1.4 ppmv 和 3.1 ± 0.4 ppmv），而在夏季季风季节较高（153 ± 4.2 ppbv 和 4.8 ± 0.6 ppmv）。然而，在季风前和夏季季风季节，COT 分别变低（12.4 ± 0.3 千米）和变高（13.3 ± 0.3 千米）。TTL 厚度在冬季较小（3.5 ± 0.6 千米），在夏季季风季节较大（4.8 ± 0.8 千米）。在钦奈上空，对流层上部和平流层下部的温度、水汽和臭氧异常的季节变化是同步的。我们利用 IRBT 数据将热带对流分为非穿透型和穿透型。据观察，对流层温度随着非穿透性对流强度的增加而升高，而穿透性对流的温度则降低。

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来源期刊

pure and applied geophysics 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

5.00%

发文量

240

审稿时长

9.8 months

期刊介绍： pure and applied geophysics (pageoph), a continuation of the journal "Geofisica pura e applicata", publishes original scientific contributions in the fields of solid Earth, atmospheric and oceanic sciences. Regular and special issues feature thought-provoking reports on active areas of current research and state-of-the-art surveys. Long running journal, founded in 1939 as Geofisica pura e applicata Publishes peer-reviewed original scientific contributions and state-of-the-art surveys in solid earth and atmospheric sciences Features thought-provoking reports on active areas of current research and is a major source for publications on tsunami research Coverage extends to research topics in oceanic sciences See Instructions for Authors on the right hand side.