Microstructural Design via Quenching and Partitioning for Enhanced Mechanical and Wear Properties in AISI 9254 Spring Steel: A Comprehensive Investigation

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive and innovative approach to tailoring the microstructure of AISI 9254 steel using a quenching and partitioning (Q&P) process, demonstrating significant improvements in mechanical and wear properties. The initial pearlitic microstructure was first heated to the fully austenitizing region before undergoing phase transformation into a multi-phase matrix using the novel Q&P process, resulting in the formation of ferrite, bainite, martensite, and retained austenite. Investigation revealed the central role of retained austenite in enhancing the mechanical properties through the Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) effect. In particular, heat-treated specimens exhibited a mechanical resistance of up to 1.9 GPa and an elongation of approximately 12 pct. Furthermore, this study highlights remarkable enhancements in wear resistance of the treated AISI 9254 steel. A decreased wear rate, reduced volume loss, and improved contact area stability were achieved, attributed to debris aggregation, contact area changes, and the work hardening of the wear track. Consequently, the Q&P process can considerably enhance the in-service performance and life span of AISI 9254 steel components. The insights provided by this work into the potential benefits of a tailored Q&P process in AISI 9254 steel set forth a promising pathway towards reduced maintenance costs and heightened reliability across various applications. Exploring this process showcases the transformative potential of materials engineering for industrial applications.