Recent Advances in Reversible Metal Electrodeposition-Based Smart Windows

IF 2.1 4区材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Electronic Materials Letters Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI:10.1007/s13391-024-00505-z

Gwan Hyeong Lee, Chi Jun An, Hyung Il Lee, Ji Seong Kim, Min Seo Jo, Tae Hoon Ha, Kyungnae Baek, Cheon Woo Moon

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Abstract

Smart windows are significant for their energy-saving function and visual comfort in our daily lives. This review focuses on the latest advancements in reversible metal electrodeposition (RME) smart window technology, examining related issues primarily in terms of long-term operation, high-contrast, and color neutrality in the privacy state. The electrolyte condition is crucial as it significantly impacts factors like nucleation and growth, Faradaic efficiency of optical cycling, bistability, color neutrality, and repeatability. Overcoming these bottlenecks requires designing an appropriate combination of metal ions and additives in the electrolyte. Although aqueous electrolytes have been predominantly used due to their cost-effectiveness, their narrow electrochemical window has raised concerns for real applications. This limitation would lead to the generation of hydrogen or oxygen gases, potentially damaging smart windows. Recent developments have considered non-aqueous electrolytes as a solution, offering a wider electrochemical window, broader operational temperature ranges, and long-term electrolyte stability. These could be key to overcoming the current challenges in smart windows. This review summarizes recent developments in RME smart windows, addressing their current characteristics, improvements, and limitations to provide insights into future pathways for reversible metal electrodeposition-based smart window development.

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基于可逆金属电沉积的智能窗口的最新进展

智能窗户因其节能功能和视觉舒适性在我们的日常生活中具有重要意义。本综述重点介绍可逆金属电沉积（RME）智能窗技术的最新进展，主要从长期运行、高对比度和隐私状态下的色彩中性等方面探讨相关问题。电解质条件至关重要，因为它对成核和生长、光学循环的法拉第效率、双稳态性、色彩中性和可重复性等因素有重大影响。要克服这些瓶颈，需要在电解质中设计适当的金属离子和添加剂组合。虽然水基电解质因其成本效益而被广泛使用，但其狭窄的电化学窗口却引起了实际应用的担忧。这种限制会导致氢气或氧气的产生，从而对智能窗口造成潜在的破坏。最近的发展将非水电解质视为一种解决方案，它具有更宽的电化学窗口、更宽的操作温度范围和长期的电解质稳定性。这些可能是克服智能窗户当前挑战的关键。本综述总结了 RME 智能窗口的最新发展，探讨了其当前的特点、改进和局限性，为基于可逆金属电沉积的智能窗口开发的未来途径提供了见解。

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来源期刊

Electronic Materials Letters 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

20.80%

发文量

审稿时长

2.3 months

期刊介绍： Electronic Materials Letters is an official journal of the Korean Institute of Metals and Materials. It is a peer-reviewed international journal publishing print and online version. It covers all disciplines of research and technology in electronic materials. Emphasis is placed on science, engineering and applications of advanced materials, including electronic, magnetic, optical, organic, electrochemical, mechanical, and nanoscale materials. The aspects of synthesis and processing include thin films, nanostructures, self assembly, and bulk, all related to thermodynamics, kinetics and/or modeling.