Advances in catalysts and reaction systems for electro/photocatalytic ammonia production

IF 4.3 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI:10.1007/s11705-024-2463-8

Shenshen Zheng, Fengying Zhang, Yuman Jiang, Tao Xu, Han Li, Heng Guo, Ying Zhou

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Abstract

Ammonia is a vital component in the fertilizer and chemical industries, as well as serving as a significant carrier of renewable hydrogen energy. Compared with the industry’s principal technique, the Haber-Bosch method, for ammonia synthesis, electro/photocatalytic ammonia synthesis is increasingly recognized as a viable and ecofriendly alternative. This method enables distributed small-scale deployment and can be powered by sustainable renewable energy sources. However, the efficiency of electro/photocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction is hindered by the challenges in activating the N≡N bond and nitrogen’s low solubility, thereby limiting its large-scale industrial applications. In this review, recent advancements in electro/photocatalytic nitrogen reduction are summarized, encompassing the complex reaction mechanisms, as well as the effective strategies for developing electro/photocatalytic catalysts and advanced reaction systems. Furthermore, the energy efficiency and economic analysis of electro/photocatalytic nitrogen fixation are deeply discussed. Finally, some unsolved challenges and potential opportunities are discussed for the future development of electro/photocatalytic ammonia synthesis.

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用于电/光催化合成氨生产的催化剂和反应系统的研究进展

氨是化肥和化学工业的重要组成部分，也是可再生氢能的重要载体。与氨合成行业的主要技术哈伯-博施法相比，电/光催化氨合成被越来越多的人认为是一种可行且环保的替代方法。这种方法可进行分布式小规模部署，并可由可持续的可再生能源提供动力。然而，电/光催化氮还原反应的效率受到激活 N≡N 键的挑战和氮的低溶解度的阻碍，从而限制了其大规模工业应用。本综述总结了电/光催化氮还原反应的最新进展，包括复杂的反应机理，以及开发电/光催化催化剂和先进反应系统的有效策略。此外，还深入讨论了电/光催化固氮的能效和经济分析。最后，还讨论了电/光催化合成氨技术未来发展所面临的一些尚未解决的挑战和潜在机遇。

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来源期刊

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL-

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

6.70%

发文量

868

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering presents the latest developments in chemical science and engineering, emphasizing emerging and multidisciplinary fields and international trends in research and development. The journal promotes communication and exchange between scientists all over the world. The contents include original reviews, research papers and short communications. Coverage includes catalysis and reaction engineering, clean energy, functional material, nanotechnology and nanoscience, biomaterials and biotechnology, particle technology and multiphase processing, separation science and technology, sustainable technologies and green processing.