Unraveling the role of formate in improving nitrogen removal via coupled partial denitrification-anammox

IF 6.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Wanlu Zhu, Rui Xiao, Min Xu, Wenbo Chai, Wenlong Liu, Zhengyu Jin, David Ikumi, Huijie Lu
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Abstract

The addition of traditional carbon sources (e.g., acetate) could favor heterotrophic overgrowth in partial denitrification coupled with anammox (PD–A) systems, thus hindering the performance and stability of this novel wastewater nitrogen removal technology. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an effective, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive alternative. This study demonstrated the potential of formate to enhance the performance and community stability of PD–A under mainstream conditions. In a laboratory-scale biofilm reactor, formate addition (COD/NO3–N = 1.75) improved nitrogen removal efficiency (from 72.1 ± 3.5% to 81.7 ± 2.7%), EPS content (from 106.3 ± 8.1 to 163.0 ± 15.5 mg/gVSS) and increased anammox bacteria growth (predominantly Candidatus Brocadia, from 29.5 ± 0.7% to 34.5 ± 5.4%) while maintaining stable heterotrophs dominated by methylotrophic Desulfobacillus. FISH-NanoSIMS revealed a formate uptake using Ca. Brocadia and Desulfobacillus, with Ca. Brocadia being the major contributor to partial nitrate reduction to nitrite. Desulfobacillus can synthesize diverse hydrophobic amino acids and provide key nutrients for Ca. Brocadia. To achieve comparable nitrogen removal, the cost of the formate-driven PD–A process should be 11.2% lower than that of acetate. These results greatly enrich our understanding of C1 metabolism represented by formate in anammox communities and its application in the context of coupling partial denitrification-anammox toward enhanced nitrogen removal in global wastewater treatment systems.

Abstract Image

揭示甲酸盐在通过部分反硝化-氨氧化作用耦合提高脱氮能力中的作用
在部分反硝化耦合氨氧化(PD-A)系统中,传统碳源(如醋酸盐)的添加可能会促进异养生物的过度生长,从而影响这种新型废水脱氮技术的性能和稳定性。因此,有必要开发一种有效、环保且成本低廉的替代品。本研究证明了甲酸盐在主流条件下提高 PD-A 性能和群落稳定性的潜力。在实验室规模的生物膜反应器中,甲酸盐的添加(COD/NO3--N = 1.75)提高了脱氮效率(从 72.1 ± 3.5% 提高到 81.7 ± 2.7%)、EPS 含量(从 106.3 ± 8.1 提高到 163.0 ± 15.5 mg/gVSS),并增加了厌氧菌的生长(主要是 Candidatus Brocadia,从 29.5 ± 0.7% 提高到 34.5 ± 5.4%),同时保持了以甲基营养型去硫杆菌为主的稳定异养菌。FISH-NanoSIMS 发现,Ca.FISH-NanoSIMS显示,Ca. Brocadia和Desulfobacillus吸收甲酸,其中Ca.Brocadia 是部分硝酸盐还原为亚硝酸盐的主要贡献者。脱硫杆菌可以合成多种疏水氨基酸,并为 Ca.Brocadia 的关键营养物质。要达到相当的脱氮效果,配方驱动的 PD-A 工艺的成本应比醋酸盐工艺低 11.2%。这些结果极大地丰富了我们对厌氧生物群落中以甲酸盐为代表的 C1 代谢的理解,以及其在部分反硝化-厌氧耦合过程中的应用,从而提高全球废水处理系统的脱氮效果。
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来源期刊
Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL-ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CiteScore
10.90
自引率
12.50%
发文量
988
审稿时长
6.1 months
期刊介绍: Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering (FESE) is an international journal for researchers interested in a wide range of environmental disciplines. The journal''s aim is to advance and disseminate knowledge in all main branches of environmental science & engineering. The journal emphasizes papers in developing fields, as well as papers showing the interaction between environmental disciplines and other disciplines. FESE is a bi-monthly journal. Its peer-reviewed contents consist of a broad blend of reviews, research papers, policy analyses, short communications, and opinions. Nonscheduled “special issue” and "hot topic", including a review article followed by a couple of related research articles, are organized to publish novel contributions and breaking results on all aspects of environmental field.
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