Investigating the role of adversity and benevolence beliefs in predicting prosociality.

IF 5 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology
Daniel Lim, Michael J Poulin, C Dale Shaffer-Morrison, Lauren M Ministero, Roxane Cohen Silver
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Does experiencing adversity engender kindness, and if so, for whom? Two studies tested the hypothesis that adversity predicts increased pro-social outcomes, and that this relationship is strongest for individuals who view others as good and trustworthy, or benevolent.

Method: In Study 1, a cross-sectional survey design was utilized, and in Study 2 a longitudinal survey was conducted.

Results: In Study 1 (N = 359), the number of lifetime adverse life events was associated with increased volunteering, empathic concern, and self-reported altruism. The association of adversity and altruism was stronger for those with greater benevolence beliefs. In Study 2 (N = 1157), benevolence beliefs were assessed, and in subsequent years, adverse life events were reported. The number of past-year adverse life events predicted more volunteering and charitable involvement, but only among people with high benevolence beliefs.

Conclusion: Exposure to adversity may be associated with increased pro-social behavior among those with higher benevolence beliefs. In part, this could be due to benevolence beliefs increasing the expectation that one's efforts will be appreciated and reciprocated.

调查逆境和仁爱信念在预测亲社会性中的作用。
背景:经历逆境是否会让人变得仁慈,如果是,对谁而言?有两项研究对这一假设进行了检验:逆境预示着亲社会结果的增加,而这种关系对于那些认为他人善良、值得信赖或仁慈的人来说最为强烈:研究 1 采用了横断面调查设计,研究 2 则进行了纵向调查:结果:在研究 1(N = 359)中,一生中发生的不利生活事件的数量与志愿服务、移情关怀和自我报告的利他主义的增加有关。逆境与利他主义之间的联系在仁慈信念较强的人群中更为明显。在研究 2(N = 1157)中,对仁爱信念进行了评估,并在随后几年报告了逆境生活事件。过去一年中逆境事件的数量预示着更多的志愿服务和慈善参与,但这只发生在仁爱信念较强的人身上:结论:在仁爱信念较高的人群中,逆境可能与亲社会行为的增加有关。部分原因可能是仁爱信念增加了人们对自己的努力将得到赞赏和回报的期望。
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来源期刊
Journal of Personality
Journal of Personality PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
6.00%
发文量
100
期刊介绍: Journal of Personality publishes scientific investigations in the field of personality. It focuses particularly on personality and behavior dynamics, personality development, and individual differences in the cognitive, affective, and interpersonal domains. The journal reflects and stimulates interest in the growth of new theoretical and methodological approaches in personality psychology.
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