Enantiomeric separation of nefopam and cathinone derivatives using a supramolecular deep eutectic solvent as a chiral selector in capillary electrophoresis

IF 3 3区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

ELECTROPHORESIS Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI:10.1002/elps.202400092

Katerina A. Ioannou, Maria N. Georgiou, Georgia D. Ioannou, Atalanti Christou, Ioannis J. Stavrou, Martin G. Schmid, Constantina P. Kapnissi-Christodoulou

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Abstract

The present study investigates the utilization of a supramolecular deep eutectic solvent (SUPRADES), consisting of sulfated-β-cyclodextrin (S-β-CD) and citric acid (CA), as a chiral selector (CS) in capillary electrophoresis for the enantiomeric separation of nefopam (NEF) and five cathinone derivatives (3-methylmethcathinone [3-MMC], 4-methylmethcathinone [4-MMC], 3,4-dimethylmethcathinone [3,4-DMMC], 4-methylethcathinone [4-MEC], and 3,4-methylendioxycathinone [MDMC]). A significant improvement in enantiomeric separation of the target analytes was observed upon the addition of S-β-CD-CA to the background electrolyte (BGE), leading to a baseline separation of all analytes. In particular, the optimum percentage of S-β-CD-CA, added to the BGE, was determined to be 0.075% v/v for NEF (R_s = 1.5) and 0.050% v/v for three out of five cathinone derivatives (R_s = 1.5, 1.6, and 2.4 for 3-MMC, 4-MEC, and 3,4-DMMC, respectively). In the case of 4-MMC and MDMC, a higher percentage of the CS, equal to 0.075% and 0.10% v/v, respectively, was required to achieve baseline separation (R_s = 1.5, 1.9 for MDMC and 4-MMC, respectively). The outcomes of the present study highlight the potential effectiveness of using SUPRADES as a CS in electrophoretic enantioseparations.

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在毛细管电泳中使用超分子深共晶溶剂作为手性选择器分离奈福泮和卡西酮衍生物的对映体。

本研究探讨了在毛细管电泳中利用由硫酸化-β-环糊精（S-β-CD）和柠檬酸（CA）组成的超分子深共晶溶剂（SUPRADES）作为手性选择剂（CS）来分离奈福泮（NEF）和五种卡西酮衍生物（3-甲基甲卡西酮）的对映体、作为毛细管电泳中的手性选择剂（CS），用于分离奈福泮（NEF）和五种卡西酮衍生物（3-甲基甲卡西酮 [3-MMC]、4-甲基甲卡西酮 [4-MMC]、3,4-二甲基甲卡西酮 [3,4-DMMC]、4-甲基乙卡西酮 [4-MEC] 和 3,4-甲基内二氧基卡西酮 [MDMC]）的对映体。在背景电解质（BGE）中加入 S-β-CD-CA 后，目标分析物的对映体分离效果明显改善，从而实现了所有分析物的基线分离。特别是，NEF（Rs = 1.5）和五种卡西酮衍生物中的三种（3-MMC、4-MEC 和 3,4-DMMC，Rs 分别为 1.5、1.6 和 2.4）的 S-β-CD-CA 加入 BGE 的最佳比例分别为 0.075% v/v（Rs = 1.5）和 0.050% v/v（Rs = 1.5、1.6 和 2.4）。至于 4-MMC 和 MDMC，则需要较高比例的 CS（分别为 0.075% 和 0.10% v/v）才能实现基线分离（MDMC 和 4-MMC 的 Rs 分别为 1.5 和 1.9）。本研究的结果凸显了在电泳对映体分离中使用 SUPRADES 作为 CS 的潜在有效性。

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来源期刊

ELECTROPHORESIS 生物-分析化学

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

13.80%

发文量

244

审稿时长

1.9 months

期刊介绍： ELECTROPHORESIS is an international journal that publishes original manuscripts on all aspects of electrophoresis, and liquid phase separations (e.g., HPLC, micro- and nano-LC, UHPLC, micro- and nano-fluidics, liquid-phase micro-extractions, etc.). Topics include new or improved analytical and preparative methods, sample preparation, development of theory, and innovative applications of electrophoretic and liquid phase separations methods in the study of nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates natural products, pharmaceuticals, food analysis, environmental species and other compounds of importance to the life sciences. Papers in the areas of microfluidics and proteomics, which are not limited to electrophoresis-based methods, will also be accepted for publication. Contributions focused on hyphenated and omics techniques are also of interest. Proteomics is within the scope, if related to its fundamentals and new technical approaches. Proteomics applications are only considered in particular cases. Papers describing the application of standard electrophoretic methods will not be considered. Papers on nanoanalysis intended for publication in ELECTROPHORESIS should focus on one or more of the following topics: • Nanoscale electrokinetics and phenomena related to electric double layer and/or confinement in nano-sized geometry • Single cell and subcellular analysis • Nanosensors and ultrasensitive detection aspects (e.g., involving quantum dots, "nanoelectrodes" or nanospray MS) • Nanoscale/nanopore DNA sequencing (next generation sequencing) • Micro- and nanoscale sample preparation • Nanoparticles and cells analyses by dielectrophoresis • Separation-based analysis using nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanowires.