Jayaraman Theerthagiri, K. Karuppasamy, Gilberto Maia, M. L. Aruna Kumari, Ahreum Min, Cheol Joo Moon, Marciélli K. R. Souza, Neshanth Vadivel, Arun Prasad Murthy, Soorathep Kheawhom, Akram Alfantazi and Myong Yong Choi
{"title":"Electrochemical strategies for urea synthesis via C–N coupling of integrated carbon oxide–nitrogenous molecule reduction","authors":"Jayaraman Theerthagiri, K. Karuppasamy, Gilberto Maia, M. L. Aruna Kumari, Ahreum Min, Cheol Joo Moon, Marciélli K. R. Souza, Neshanth Vadivel, Arun Prasad Murthy, Soorathep Kheawhom, Akram Alfantazi and Myong Yong Choi","doi":"10.1039/D4TA02891K","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >The electrochemical coupling of C and N has sparked considerable research attention, heralded as a capable method to curb carbon and nitrogen emissions while concurrently storing surplus renewable electricity in valuable chemical compounds such as urea, amides, and amines. Electrocatalytic urea synthesis <em>via</em> a C–N coupling reaction (CNCR) comprises the electroreduction of CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> alongside the coreduction of various inorganic nitrogen sources (NO<small><sub>3</sub></small><small><sup>−</sup></small>, NO<small><sub>2</sub></small><small><sup>−</sup></small>, N<small><sub>2</sub></small>, and NO). However, the main hurdles for this electrochemical C–N coupling are the inert nature of the involved molecules and the prevalence of competing side reactions. This review comprehensively examines recent advancements in electrocatalytic C–N coupling, emphasizing the various mechanistic pathways involved in urea production, including the CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> reduction and NO<small><sub>3</sub></small> reduction reaction. Additionally, electrochemical key performance parameters and future advancement directions for electrocatalytic urea production are discussed. The electrochemical CNCR accomplishes effective resource use and delivers direction and reference for molecular coupling reactions. The insights gleaned from these observations may illuminate the development of effective catalysts in forthcoming research and expand the potential applications in green urea production.</p>","PeriodicalId":82,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Materials Chemistry A","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/ta/d4ta02891k","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The electrochemical coupling of C and N has sparked considerable research attention, heralded as a capable method to curb carbon and nitrogen emissions while concurrently storing surplus renewable electricity in valuable chemical compounds such as urea, amides, and amines. Electrocatalytic urea synthesis via a C–N coupling reaction (CNCR) comprises the electroreduction of CO2 alongside the coreduction of various inorganic nitrogen sources (NO3−, NO2−, N2, and NO). However, the main hurdles for this electrochemical C–N coupling are the inert nature of the involved molecules and the prevalence of competing side reactions. This review comprehensively examines recent advancements in electrocatalytic C–N coupling, emphasizing the various mechanistic pathways involved in urea production, including the CO2 reduction and NO3 reduction reaction. Additionally, electrochemical key performance parameters and future advancement directions for electrocatalytic urea production are discussed. The electrochemical CNCR accomplishes effective resource use and delivers direction and reference for molecular coupling reactions. The insights gleaned from these observations may illuminate the development of effective catalysts in forthcoming research and expand the potential applications in green urea production.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Materials Chemistry A, B & C covers a wide range of high-quality studies in the field of materials chemistry, with each section focusing on specific applications of the materials studied. Journal of Materials Chemistry A emphasizes applications in energy and sustainability, including topics such as artificial photosynthesis, batteries, and fuel cells. Journal of Materials Chemistry B focuses on applications in biology and medicine, while Journal of Materials Chemistry C covers applications in optical, magnetic, and electronic devices. Example topic areas within the scope of Journal of Materials Chemistry A include catalysis, green/sustainable materials, sensors, and water treatment, among others.