Strengths and Limitations of BMI in the Diagnosis of Obesity: What is the Path Forward?

IF 9.5 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Current Obesity Reports Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-03 DOI:10.1007/s13679-024-00580-1

Katherine Sweatt, W Timothy Garvey, Catia Martins

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Abstract

Purpose of review: This review aims to discuss strengths and limitations of body mass index (BMI) in diagnosing obesity, the use of alternative anthropometric measurements, and potential new technology that may change the future of obesity diagnosis and management.

Recent findings: The diagnosis of obesity requires the anthropometric assessment of adiposity. In clinical settings, this should include BMI with confirmation that elevated BMI represents excess adiposity and a measure of fat distribution (i.e., waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR), or WC divided by height^0.5 (WHR.5R). Digital anthropometry and bioelectric impedance (BIA) can estimate fat distribution and be feasibly employed in the clinic. In addition, the diagnosis should include a clinical component assessing the presence and severity of weight-related complications. As anthropometric measures used in the diagnosis of obesity, BMI is generally sufficient if confirmed to represent excess adiposity, and there are advantages to the use of WHtR over WC to assess fat distribution. BIA and digital anthropometry have the potential to provide accurate measures of fat mass and distribution in clinical settings. There should also be a clinical evaluation for the presence and severity of obesity complications that can be used to stage the disease.

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体重指数在诊断肥胖症方面的优势和局限：未来之路何去何从？

综述目的：本综述旨在讨论体重指数（BMI）在诊断肥胖症方面的优势和局限性、替代人体测量法的使用以及可能改变未来肥胖症诊断和管理的潜在新技术：最新研究结果：诊断肥胖症需要对脂肪含量进行人体测量评估。在临床环境中，这应包括体重指数（BMI），并确认 BMI 升高代表脂肪过多，以及脂肪分布的测量值（即腰围（WC）、腰围与身高比值（WHtR）或腰围除以身高 0.5（WHR.5R））。数字人体测量法和生物电阻抗法（BIA）可以估算脂肪分布，并可在临床上使用。此外，诊断应包括临床部分，评估是否存在体重相关并发症及其严重程度。作为诊断肥胖症的人体测量指标，体重指数（BMI）如果被证实代表脂肪过多，一般就足够了，而且使用 WHtR 比使用 WC 评估脂肪分布更有优势。BIA 和数字人体测量法有可能在临床环境中准确测量脂肪量和脂肪分布。此外，还应对肥胖并发症的存在和严重程度进行临床评估，以便对疾病进行分期。

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来源期刊

Current Obesity Reports Medicine-General Medicine

CiteScore

16.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： The main objective of Current Obesity Reports is to provide expert review articles on recent advancements in the interdisciplinary field of obesity research. Our aim is to offer clear, insightful, and balanced contributions that will benefit all individuals involved in the treatment and prevention of obesity, as well as related conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, endocrine disorders, gynecological issues, cancer, mental health, respiratory complications, and rheumatological diseases. We strive to redefine the way knowledge is expressed and provide organized content for the benefit of our readership.