On the seasonal dependence of intermediate descending layer in low latitudes

IF 1.8 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Muhammad Mubasshir Shaikh , Manar Anwer Khaleel Abusirdaneh
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Understanding the variable behavior of the IDL/Es system contributes significantly to our ability in characterizing and modeling the critical ionospheric dynamics across the globe. In this work we aim to improve the understanding of the IDL/Es system by analyzing the diurnal and seasonal variations in the altitude descent with reference to local time of the day, season, and solar activity. We apply the well-known height-time-intensity analysis method on measurements obtained from the Sharjah ionosonde station, located at the Arabian Peninsula (Sharjah: 25.28°N, 55.46°E) near the northern crest of the equatorial ionization anomaly. The measurements cover three years of the increasing phase of the solar cycle 25 from 2020 to 2022. Considering an oversimplified wind system based on windshear theory, we attempt to establish a relationship between IDL/Es periodicities with diurnal, semidiurnal, and terdiurnal tides without digging into the underlying mechanism. Results suggest a strong relation between semidiurnal and terdiurnal tides and the formation and transport of the IDL, particularly impacting lower E-region and sporadic-E layers during the afternoon and nighttime hours. The results of manual scaling of over eleven thousand ionograms is presented to quantify the behavior of the IDL/Es system's transport. Additionally, a connection between solar activity, descent rate, and initial descending height, with semidiurnal patterns consistently present across seasons and solar activity has been discussed. For different frequency bins used in this work, e.g. 3 MHz, 4 MHz, and 5 MHz, seasonal variations significantly influence descent patterns.

低纬度地区中间降水层的季节性变化
了解 IDL/Es 系统的可变行为对我们描述和模拟全球关键电离层动态的能力大有帮助。在这项工作中,我们的目的是参照当地一天中的时间、季节和太阳活动,分析高度下降的日变化和季节变化,从而加深对 IDL/Es 系统的理解。我们采用著名的高度-时间-强度分析方法,对位于阿拉伯半岛(沙迦:北纬 25.28°,东经 55.46°)赤道电离异常北峰附近的沙迦电离层探测站的测量结果进行了分析。测量涵盖了 2020 年至 2022 年太阳周期 25 增加阶段的三年。考虑到基于风切变理论的过度简化风系统,我们试图建立 IDL/Es 周期性与昼潮、半昼潮和三昼潮之间的关系,而不深入研究其潜在机制。研究结果表明,半日潮和三日潮与 IDL 的形成和输送有密切关系,特别是在下午和夜间影响 E 区下层和零星 E 层。本文介绍了对一万一千多张电离图进行人工缩放的结果,以量化 IDL/Es 系统的传输行为。此外,还讨论了太阳活动、下降率和初始下降高度之间的联系,以及在不同季节和太阳活动中始终存在的半日模式。对于这项工作中使用的不同频率段,如 3 MHz、4 MHz 和 5 MHz,季节变化对下降模式有显著影响。
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来源期刊
Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
5.30%
发文量
95
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (JASTP) is an international journal concerned with the inter-disciplinary science of the Earth''s atmospheric and space environment, especially the highly varied and highly variable physical phenomena that occur in this natural laboratory and the processes that couple them. The journal covers the physical processes operating in the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, the Sun, interplanetary medium, and heliosphere. Phenomena occurring in other "spheres", solar influences on climate, and supporting laboratory measurements are also considered. The journal deals especially with the coupling between the different regions. Solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and other energetic events on the Sun create interesting and important perturbations in the near-Earth space environment. The physics of such "space weather" is central to the Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics and the journal welcomes papers that lead in the direction of a predictive understanding of the coupled system. Regarding the upper atmosphere, the subjects of aeronomy, geomagnetism and geoelectricity, auroral phenomena, radio wave propagation, and plasma instabilities, are examples within the broad field of solar-terrestrial physics which emphasise the energy exchange between the solar wind, the magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas, and the neutral gas. In the lower atmosphere, topics covered range from mesoscale to global scale dynamics, to atmospheric electricity, lightning and its effects, and to anthropogenic changes.
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