On the characterization of Cloud occurrence and its impact on solar radiation in Mbour, Senegal

IF 1.8 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Mamadou Simina Dramé , Pape Mbagnick N'Diaye , Serigne Abdoul Aziz Niang , Ismaila Diallo , Astou Sarr , Ahmed Gueye , Demba Ndao Niang
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Abstract

The objective of this study is to evaluate the clouds seasonal occurrence characteristics, and to estimate their impact on solar radiation in Mbour, Senegal, West Africa. Here, we use datasets from various sources including: i) observations from the Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System satellite sensors, ii) in situ shortwave radiation measurement obtained from the Mbour station, and iii) the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) obtained from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction reanalysis data. Results show a marked seasonality, associated with high spatial variation in terms of cloud occurrence over Senegal. The maximum cloud occurrences are observed during the wet summer season (June–October), whilst the minimum cloud occurrences are recorded during the long-dry season from November to May. During the monsoon season the cloud activity becomes more intense with a total cloud cover of about 80%, a cloud optical depth of around 7, and a high convective activity illustrated by a low OLR (below 240 W/m2). Likewise, across Senegal a strong north-south gradient of the cloud characteristics is observed. Based on quantitative comparison between cloud occurrence and radiation measurement, results show an important seasonal impact on available solar potential in Mbour. Conversely to the cloud occurrence, the maximum of both direct normal and global solar potentials is recorded during the dry season, coinciding with the period with clean sky. An investigation of the cloud influence on solar radiation on selected study cases indicates a decrease of 60% (80%) for the total (direct normal) radiation during the peak of the summer monsoon season.

塞内加尔姆布尔的云层特征及其对太阳辐射的影响
本研究的目的是评估云的季节性出现特征,并估计其对西非塞内加尔姆布尔太阳辐射的影响。在这里,我们使用了各种来源的数据集,包括:i) 云和地球辐射能量系统卫星传感器的观测数据;ii) 姆布尔站的原地短波辐射测量数据;iii) 国家环境预测中心再分析数据中获得的外向长波辐射(OLR)数据。结果表明,塞内加尔上空的云量具有明显的季节性,且空间变化很大。在夏季湿季(6 月至 10 月)云量最多,而在 11 月至 5 月的长旱季云量最少。在季风季节,云层活动更加频繁,总云层覆盖率约为 80%,云层光学深度约为 7,对流活动频繁,OLR 较低(低于 240 W/m2)。同样,在整个塞内加尔,也观察到了强烈的南北梯度云层特征。通过对云层出现情况和辐射测量结果进行定量比较,结果表明季节性因素对姆布尔的可用太阳潜能有重要影响。与云层出现的情况相反,直接正常太阳辐射和全球太阳辐射的最大值出现在旱季,与天空清洁的时期相吻合。对选定研究案例中云层对太阳辐射影响的调查表明,在夏季季风季节的高峰期,总辐射(直接正常辐射)减少了 60%(80%)。
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来源期刊
Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
5.30%
发文量
95
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (JASTP) is an international journal concerned with the inter-disciplinary science of the Earth''s atmospheric and space environment, especially the highly varied and highly variable physical phenomena that occur in this natural laboratory and the processes that couple them. The journal covers the physical processes operating in the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, the Sun, interplanetary medium, and heliosphere. Phenomena occurring in other "spheres", solar influences on climate, and supporting laboratory measurements are also considered. The journal deals especially with the coupling between the different regions. Solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and other energetic events on the Sun create interesting and important perturbations in the near-Earth space environment. The physics of such "space weather" is central to the Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics and the journal welcomes papers that lead in the direction of a predictive understanding of the coupled system. Regarding the upper atmosphere, the subjects of aeronomy, geomagnetism and geoelectricity, auroral phenomena, radio wave propagation, and plasma instabilities, are examples within the broad field of solar-terrestrial physics which emphasise the energy exchange between the solar wind, the magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas, and the neutral gas. In the lower atmosphere, topics covered range from mesoscale to global scale dynamics, to atmospheric electricity, lightning and its effects, and to anthropogenic changes.
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