Cash, crowds, and cooperation: The effects of population density and resource scarcity on cooperation in the dictator game

IF 3 1区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Lynn K.L. Tan, Norman P. Li, Kenneth Tan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The adaptive benefits of cooperation among humans have been widely studied. However, is being cooperative always adaptive across various combinations of ecological conditions? Existing work has focused on cultural, inter-, and intra-individual predictors of cooperation yet there is a lack of research on how an individual's ecology may come into play. In this work, we focus on the interaction of two ecological factors—population density and resource scarcity—on cooperation. Population density is often accompanied by social competition for limited resources. We hypothesise that in response to cues of high (versus low) population density, people facing resource-scarcity would adaptively lower their cooperativeness, more so than those with resource abundance. Results from two studies support our hypothesis—population density lowers cooperation, but only for people who perceive lower resources or social status. Our findings provide insights that cooperation varies adaptively as a function of interacting ecological factors.

现金、人群与合作:独裁者游戏中人口密度和资源稀缺性对合作的影响
人类合作的适应性益处已被广泛研究。然而,在不同的生态条件组合下,合作是否总是适应性的?现有研究主要关注合作的文化、个体间和个体内预测因素,但缺乏对个体生态环境如何发挥作用的研究。在这项工作中,我们重点研究了两个生态因素--人口密度和资源稀缺性--对合作的相互作用。人口密度通常伴随着对有限资源的社会竞争。我们假设,面对高(相对于低)人口密度的提示,资源稀缺的人会适应性地降低合作性,比资源丰富的人更甚。两项研究的结果支持了我们的假设--种群密度会降低合作性,但只有那些认为资源或社会地位较低的人才会降低合作性。我们的研究结果为我们提供了启示,即合作会随着生态因素的相互作用而发生适应性变化。
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来源期刊
Evolution and Human Behavior
Evolution and Human Behavior 生物-行为科学
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
9.80%
发文量
62
审稿时长
82 days
期刊介绍: Evolution and Human Behavior is an interdisciplinary journal, presenting research reports and theory in which evolutionary perspectives are brought to bear on the study of human behavior. It is primarily a scientific journal, but submissions from scholars in the humanities are also encouraged. Papers reporting on theoretical and empirical work on other species will be welcome if their relevance to the human animal is apparent.
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