M.S. Ali , G.S. Hassan , G.M. Shoraiet , A.M. Abdelmonem
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
In this study, the researchers investigated the effectiveness of different ceramic samples in filtering gamma rays emitted by various sources. The samples, which contained varying concentrations of lead and barium, were evaluated for their potential use in beam-shaping assembly systems for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy techniques, specifically those using the 252Cf neutron source for cancer treatment. Stilbene and NaI (Tl) were used to measure the total and pure gamma rays in this study. In addition, theoretical calculations using the Phy-X/PSD software have been conducted across a broad energy range, spanning from 0.001 to 18 MeV. These calculations aim to determine the attenuation of gamma rays and the relative deviations compared to the corresponding measured gamma-ray energies. Various composites with different percentages of additives and thicknesses, ranging from 0.8 cm to 4 cm, have shown satisfactory attenuation properties for gamma-ray shielding applications. However, the samples containing lead, especially the unglazed ceramic composites with 15 % lead and 4 cm thickness, were found to have the most preferred attenuation properties. The results obtained indicate that samples with a higher lead content are more effective attenuators compared to those with additional barium. In addition, the relationship between the transmission gamma ray factor and the percentage of additives and energies of gamma rays can be determined from the experimental linear attenuation coefficient coefficients. In addition, various coefficients such as the mass attenuation coefficient, half-value layer, effective atomic numbers, and effective electron densities are studied theoretically for the unglazed ceramic samples. The dose rate is also taken into consideration.
期刊介绍：
Section B of Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research covers all aspects of the interaction of energetic beams with atoms, molecules and aggregate forms of matter. This includes ion beam analysis and ion beam modification of materials as well as basic data of importance for these studies. Topics of general interest include: atomic collisions in solids, particle channelling, all aspects of collision cascades, the modification of materials by energetic beams, ion implantation, irradiation - induced changes in materials, the physics and chemistry of beam interactions and the analysis of materials by all forms of energetic radiation. Modification by ion, laser and electron beams for the study of electronic materials, metals, ceramics, insulators, polymers and other important and new materials systems are included. Related studies, such as the application of ion beam analysis to biological, archaeological and geological samples as well as applications to solve problems in planetary science are also welcome. Energetic beams of interest include atomic and molecular ions, neutrons, positrons and muons, plasmas directed at surfaces, electron and photon beams, including laser treated surfaces and studies of solids by photon radiation from rotating anodes, synchrotrons, etc. In addition, the interaction between various forms of radiation and radiation-induced deposition processes are relevant.
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