Inflammation of the nasal mucosa is associated with susceptibility to experimental pneumococcal challenge in older adults

IF 7.9 2区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY
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Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization in the upper respiratory tract is linked to pneumococcal disease development, predominantly affecting young children and older adults. As the global population ages and comorbidities increase, there is a heightened concern about this infection. We investigated the immunological responses of older adults to pneumococcal-controlled human infection by analyzing the cellular composition and gene expression in the nasal mucosa. Our comparative analysis with data from a concurrent study in younger adults revealed distinct gene expression patterns in older individuals susceptible to colonization, highlighted by neutrophil activation and elevated levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10. Unlike younger adults challenged with pneumococcus, older adults did not show recruitment of monocytes into the nasal mucosa following nasal colonization. However, older adults who were protected from colonization showed increased degranulation of cluster of differentiation 8+ T cells, both before and after pneumococcal challenge. These findings suggest age-associated cellular changes, in particular enhanced mucosal inflammation, that may predispose older adults to pneumococcal colonization.
鼻黏膜炎症与老年人对实验性肺炎球菌挑战的易感性有关。
肺炎链球菌在上呼吸道的定植与肺炎球菌疾病的发生有关,主要影响幼儿和老年人。随着全球人口的老龄化和并发症的增加,人们对这种感染的关注度也越来越高。我们通过分析鼻粘膜的细胞组成和基因表达,研究了老年人对肺炎球菌控制的人类感染的免疫反应。我们与同时在年轻人中进行的一项研究的数据进行了比较分析,结果发现,易受定植感染的老年人有不同的基因表达模式,其中突出的是中性粒细胞活化以及 CXCL9 和 CXCL10 水平的升高。与受到肺炎球菌挑战的年轻人不同,老年人在鼻腔定植肺炎球菌后并没有表现出单核细胞被招募到鼻粘膜中。然而,受到定植保护的老年人在肺炎球菌挑战前后都表现出 CD8+ T 细胞脱颗粒增加。这些研究结果表明,与年龄相关的细胞变化,尤其是粘膜炎症的增强,可能会使老年人更容易感染肺炎球菌。
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来源期刊
Mucosal Immunology
Mucosal Immunology 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
16.60
自引率
3.80%
发文量
100
审稿时长
12 days
期刊介绍: Mucosal Immunology, the official publication of the Society of Mucosal Immunology (SMI), serves as a forum for both basic and clinical scientists to discuss immunity and inflammation involving mucosal tissues. It covers gastrointestinal, pulmonary, nasopharyngeal, oral, ocular, and genitourinary immunology through original research articles, scholarly reviews, commentaries, editorials, and letters. The journal gives equal consideration to basic, translational, and clinical studies and also serves as a primary communication channel for the SMI governing board and its members, featuring society news, meeting announcements, policy discussions, and job/training opportunities advertisements.
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