Cognitive Benefits of Folic Acid, Docosahexaenoic Acid, and a Combination of Both Nutrients in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Possible Alterations through Mitochondrial Function and DNA Damage.

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q3 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Gerontology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-17 DOI:10.1159/000540021

Mengyue Li, Tongtong Li, Tong Yang, Ling Huang, Jiangang Zhao, Huan Liu, Yongjie Chen, Wen Li, Yun Zhu, Fei Ma, Jing Yan, Guowei Huang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: It is uncertain whether folic acid (FA) combined with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) could improve cognitive performance. This study evaluated the effects of a 12-month FA and DHA supplementation, in combination or alone, on cognitive function, DNA oxidative damage, and mitochondrial function in participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial recruited MCI participants aged 60 years and older. Two hundred and eighty participants were randomly divided in equal proportion into four groups: FA + DHA (FA 800 μg/d + DHA 800 mg/d), FA (800 μg/d), DHA (800 mg/d), and placebo groups daily orally for 12 months. The primary outcome was cognitive function evaluated by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-RC). Cognitive tests and blood mechanism-related biomarkers were determined at baseline and 12 months.

Results: During the 12-month follow-up, scores of full intelligence quotient (βDHA: 1.302, 95% CI: 0.615, 1.990, p < 0.001; βFA: 1.992, 95% CI: 1.304, 2.679, p < 0.001; βFA+DHA: 2.777, 95% CI: 2.090, 3.465, p < 0.001), verbal intelligence quotient, and some subtests of the WAIS-RC were significantly improved in FA + DHA and single intervention groups compared to the placebo group. Moreover, the FA and DHA intervention combination was superior to either intervention alone (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, FA, DHA, and their combined use significantly decreased 8-OHdG level and increased mitochondrial DNA copy number compared to the placebo (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Supplementation of FA and DHA, alone or combined, for 12 months can improve cognitive function in MCI participants, possibly through mitigating DNA oxidative damage and enhancing mitochondrial function. Combined supplementation may provide more cognitive benefit than supplementation alone.

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叶酸、二十二碳六烯酸以及这两种营养素的组合对轻度认知障碍患者的认知能力的益处；线粒体功能和 DNA 损伤的可能改变。

导言：叶酸（FA）与二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）结合是否能改善认知能力尚不确定。本研究评估了叶酸和 DHA 联合或单独补充 12 个月对轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者认知功能、DNA 氧化损伤和线粒体功能的影响：这项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验招募了 60 岁及以上的 MCI 患者。280 名参与者被随机等比例分为四组：FA+DHA组（FA 800微克/天+DHA 800毫克/天）、FA组（800微克/天）、DHA组（800毫克/天）和安慰剂组，每天口服，为期12个月。主要结果是通过韦氏成人智力量表-修订版（WAIS-RC）评估认知功能。认知测试和血液机制相关生物标志物在基线和12个月时进行测定：随访 12 个月期间，全智商 (FIQ) 分数（βDHA：1.302，95%CI：0.615，1.990，p < 0.001；βFA：1.992，95%CI：1.304，2.679，p < 0.001；βFA+DHA：2.777，95%CI：2.与安慰剂组相比，FA+DHA干预组和单一干预组的言语智商和WAIS-RC的某些分测验均有显著改善。此外，FA 和 DHA 联合干预优于单独干预（p < 0.001）。同时，与安慰剂相比，FA、DHA及其联合使用可显著降低8-OHdG水平并增加线粒体DNA拷贝数（p < 0.05）：连续12个月单独或联合补充FA和DHA可改善MCI患者的认知功能，这可能是通过减轻DNA氧化损伤和增强线粒体功能实现的。与单独补充相比，联合补充可能会带来更多的认知益处：中国临床试验注册中心，ChiCTR2000034351。注册日期：2020年7月3日 - 追溯注册，https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=53345。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Gerontology 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： In view of the ever-increasing fraction of elderly people, understanding the mechanisms of aging and age-related diseases has become a matter of urgent necessity. ''Gerontology'', the oldest journal in the field, responds to this need by drawing topical contributions from multiple disciplines to support the fundamental goals of extending active life and enhancing its quality. The range of papers is classified into four sections. In the Clinical Section, the aetiology, pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of agerelated diseases are discussed from a gerontological rather than a geriatric viewpoint. The Experimental Section contains up-to-date contributions from basic gerontological research. Papers dealing with behavioural development and related topics are placed in the Behavioural Science Section. Basic aspects of regeneration in different experimental biological systems as well as in the context of medical applications are dealt with in a special section that also contains information on technological advances for the elderly. Providing a primary source of high-quality papers covering all aspects of aging in humans and animals, ''Gerontology'' serves as an ideal information tool for all readers interested in the topic of aging from a broad perspective.