Liangxue Tongyu prescription attenuates neuroinflammation by increasing cholecystokinin octapeptide in acute intracerebral hemorrhage rats

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Neuropeptides Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI:10.1016/j.npep.2024.102452

Jianxiang Li , Yingying Sun , Wenzhe Qiu , Yu Zhou , Dandan Zhou , Yang Zhao , Anlan Liu , Yuan Yuan , Weifeng Guo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Inflammatory reactions after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (AICH) contribute significantly to a poor prognosis. Liangxue Tongyu Prescription (LTP) has been proven to be clinically effective in treating AICH. Numerous studies have shown that LTP suppresses brain inflammatory damage in AICH, while the internal mechanisms underlying its action remain unclear. The aim of this study was to verify the anti-inflammatory effects of LTP on an AICH rat model and investigate the potential mechanisms. The AICH rat models were created by injecting autologous blood into the right caudate nucleus. LTP markedly decreased cerebral hematoma and brain water content and recovered from neurological deficits. Meanwhile, LTP prevented microglial activation and reduced the inflammatory reaction caused by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Notably, the expression of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) in the brain and intestine was increased by LTP or CCK-8 treatment. LTP further suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the brains of rats with AICH. Moreover, LTP increased the protein and mRNA expression of Occludin and Claudin-1 in the intestine and decreased the levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and diamine oxidase (DAO) in serum. Furthermore, the results showed that LTP increased the protein and mRNA expression of Claudin-5 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the brain. CCK-8 receptor antagonists increased the expression of NF-κB and the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These findings suggested that LTP attenuated neuroinflammation by increasing CCK-8 in the brain and intestine, and its mechanism might be related to alterations in the gut-brain axis (GBA).

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良药通瘀方通过增加胆囊收缩素八肽减轻急性脑出血大鼠的神经炎症反应

急性脑出血（AICH）后的炎症反应是导致预后不良的重要原因。梁雪通脉方（LTP）在治疗急性脑出血方面的临床疗效已得到证实。大量研究表明，LTP 可抑制 AICH 的脑部炎症损伤，但其作用的内在机制仍不清楚。本研究旨在验证 LTP 对 AICH 大鼠模型的抗炎作用，并研究其潜在机制。AICH大鼠模型是通过向右侧尾状核注射自体血液而建立的。LTP 能显著减少脑血肿和脑含水量，并能恢复神经功能缺损。同时，LTP 能阻止小胶质细胞活化，减少肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）等促炎细胞因子引起的炎症反应。值得注意的是，LTP 或 CCK-8 处理会增加大脑和肠道中胆囊收缩素八肽（CCK-8）的表达。LTP进一步抑制了AICH大鼠大脑中的核因子卡巴B（NF-κB）。此外，LTP还能增加肠道中Occludin和Claudin-1的蛋白和mRNA表达，降低血清中脂多糖（LPS）和二胺氧化酶（DAO）的水平。此外，研究结果表明，LTP 增加了大脑中 Claudin-5 和 zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) 的蛋白和 mRNA 表达。CCK-8受体拮抗剂增加了NF-κB的表达和促炎细胞因子的浓度。这些研究结果表明，LTP通过增加大脑和肠道中的CCK-8来减轻神经炎症，其机制可能与肠-脑轴（GBA）的改变有关。

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来源期刊

Neuropeptides 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

6.90%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The aim of Neuropeptides is the rapid publication of original research and review articles, dealing with the structure, distribution, actions and functions of peptides in the central and peripheral nervous systems. The explosion of research activity in this field has led to the identification of numerous naturally occurring endogenous peptides which act as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, or trophic factors, to mediate nervous system functions. Increasing numbers of non-peptide ligands of neuropeptide receptors have been developed, which act as agonists or antagonists in peptidergic systems. The journal provides a unique opportunity of integrating the many disciplines involved in all neuropeptide research. The journal publishes articles on all aspects of the neuropeptide field, with particular emphasis on gene regulation of peptide expression, peptide receptor subtypes, transgenic and knockout mice with mutations in genes for neuropeptides and peptide receptors, neuroanatomy, physiology, behaviour, neurotrophic factors, preclinical drug evaluation, clinical studies, and clinical trials.