{"title":"Geochemical evaluation of Washita-Fredericksburg formation as a carbon storage reservoir","authors":"Nora V. Lopez Rivera , Lauren E. Beckingham","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104393","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Geological carbon sequestration is a promising technique to reduce atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions. The Washita-Fredericksburg formation in the southeastern United States is being considered as a prospective storage formation. This requires understanding the geochemical impact of CO<sub>2</sub> injection on the formation, which is the focus of this work. Here, sandstone samples from the Washita-Fredericksburg formation are analyzed to understand their overall mineralogical composition and the potential geochemical processes that might occur following CO<sub>2</sub> injection. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imaging, and image analysis were used to identify mineral phases. SEM images were processed to create a segmented mineral map, which was then used to calculate mineral volume fractions and porosity. Results show that the sample has a porosity of 20% and is mainly composed of quartz, K-feldspar, muscovite, and clays. Accessory minerals such as titanite were also found. Reactive transport models were constructed to assess potential CO<sub>2</sub>-brine-mineral interactions following CO<sub>2</sub> injection. Simulation results suggest that the overall extent of mineral dissolution and precipitation reactions over 10,000 days is limited, with muscovite dissolution increasing porosity to 22%. Limited mineral reactions suggest more injected CO<sub>2</sub> will exist in free and dissolved forms, which may require more extensive long-term monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 104393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169772224000974","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Geological carbon sequestration is a promising technique to reduce atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions. The Washita-Fredericksburg formation in the southeastern United States is being considered as a prospective storage formation. This requires understanding the geochemical impact of CO2 injection on the formation, which is the focus of this work. Here, sandstone samples from the Washita-Fredericksburg formation are analyzed to understand their overall mineralogical composition and the potential geochemical processes that might occur following CO2 injection. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imaging, and image analysis were used to identify mineral phases. SEM images were processed to create a segmented mineral map, which was then used to calculate mineral volume fractions and porosity. Results show that the sample has a porosity of 20% and is mainly composed of quartz, K-feldspar, muscovite, and clays. Accessory minerals such as titanite were also found. Reactive transport models were constructed to assess potential CO2-brine-mineral interactions following CO2 injection. Simulation results suggest that the overall extent of mineral dissolution and precipitation reactions over 10,000 days is limited, with muscovite dissolution increasing porosity to 22%. Limited mineral reactions suggest more injected CO2 will exist in free and dissolved forms, which may require more extensive long-term monitoring.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is an international journal publishing scientific articles pertaining to the contamination of subsurface water resources. Emphasis is placed on investigations of the physical, chemical, and biological processes influencing the behavior and fate of organic and inorganic contaminants in the unsaturated (vadose) and saturated (groundwater) zones, as well as at groundwater-surface water interfaces. The ecological impacts of contaminants transported both from and to aquifers are of interest. Articles on contamination of surface water only, without a link to groundwater, are out of the scope. Broad latitude is allowed in identifying contaminants of interest, and include legacy and emerging pollutants, nutrients, nanoparticles, pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, protozoa), microplastics, and various constituents associated with energy production (e.g., methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide).
The journal''s scope embraces a wide range of topics including: experimental investigations of contaminant sorption, diffusion, transformation, volatilization and transport in the surface and subsurface; characterization of soil and aquifer properties only as they influence contaminant behavior; development and testing of mathematical models of contaminant behaviour; innovative techniques for restoration of contaminated sites; development of new tools or techniques for monitoring the extent of soil and groundwater contamination; transformation of contaminants in the hyporheic zone; effects of contaminants traversing the hyporheic zone on surface water and groundwater ecosystems; subsurface carbon sequestration and/or turnover; and migration of fluids associated with energy production into groundwater.