{"title":"Causes of group package tour member hassles (GPT-MHs): Scale development and validation","authors":"Tien-Ming Cheng, Wei-Hsiang Lien, Yu-Ling Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.tmp.2024.101272","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During group package tours, hassles may occur when group members are exposed to negative travel experiences. Therefore, this study utilized to establish the concepts and scales of GPT-MHs. For the qualitative aspect, 25 tour members who had previously participated in group package tours were interviewed in Study 1. We summarized six GPT-MH dimensions through content analysis: safety, the destination, tours, transportation, accommodations, and dietary hassles. For the quantitative aspect, 357 and 366 participants who had experienced short- and long-distance tours were interviewed in Studies 2 and 3, respectively. The test results confirm that the GPT-MHs scale comprised 20 items on six dimensions. Study 4 was conducted with a sample of 376 tour members with group package tour experience to validate the consequences of GPT-MHs. The findings can provide a measurement instrument for GPT-MHs and extend the existing knowledge of hassles in the tourism field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48141,"journal":{"name":"Tourism Management Perspectives","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101272"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Tourism Management Perspectives","FirstCategoryId":"91","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211973624000552","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
During group package tours, hassles may occur when group members are exposed to negative travel experiences. Therefore, this study utilized to establish the concepts and scales of GPT-MHs. For the qualitative aspect, 25 tour members who had previously participated in group package tours were interviewed in Study 1. We summarized six GPT-MH dimensions through content analysis: safety, the destination, tours, transportation, accommodations, and dietary hassles. For the quantitative aspect, 357 and 366 participants who had experienced short- and long-distance tours were interviewed in Studies 2 and 3, respectively. The test results confirm that the GPT-MHs scale comprised 20 items on six dimensions. Study 4 was conducted with a sample of 376 tour members with group package tour experience to validate the consequences of GPT-MHs. The findings can provide a measurement instrument for GPT-MHs and extend the existing knowledge of hassles in the tourism field.
期刊介绍：
Tourism Management Perspectives is an interdisciplinary journal that focuses on the planning and management of travel and tourism. It covers topics such as tourist experiences, their consequences for communities, economies, and environments, the creation of image, the shaping of tourist experiences and perceptions, and the management of tourist organizations and destinations. The journal's editorial board consists of experienced international professionals and it shares the board with Tourism Management. The journal covers socio-cultural, technological, planning, and policy aspects of international, national, and regional tourism, as well as specific management studies. It encourages papers that introduce new research methods and critique existing ones in the context of tourism research. The journal publishes empirical research articles and high-quality review articles on important topics and emerging themes that enhance the theoretical and conceptual understanding of key areas within travel and tourism management.
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