Isolated cerebellar stroke in a paediatric patient with typical haemolytic uraemic syndrome: a case report and literature review.

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Neuroradiology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-26 DOI:10.1007/s00234-024-03407-x

Manuela Lo Bianco, Sergio Rinella, Felice D'Arco, Evangelia Ioannidou, Marios Kaliakatsos

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Abstract

Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS) is a rare medical condition characterised by microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury. Neurological complications are documented but rarely involve the cerebellum. We present a unique case of a 23-month-old male with HUS triggered by Escherichia coli-O157 (E.coli-O157) infection leading to an isolated cerebellar stroke.The patient initially presented with fever, bloody stools, and seizures. Confirmation of E.coli-O157 infection was obtained, and MRI revealed an isolated cerebellar stroke. Treatment included supportive care, anticoagulation for a right atrial thrombus, with gradual improvement observed.This case highlights the unusual occurrence of isolated cerebellar stroke in HUS patients, emphasising the importance of promptly recognizing manifestations of the central nervous system and the necessity for a multidisciplinary approach. Finally, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify cases of HUS patients with cerebellar involvement.

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典型溶血性贫血综合征儿科患者的孤立性小脑中风：病例报告和文献综述。

溶血性尿毒症综合征（HUS）是一种罕见的内科疾病，其特征是微血管病性溶血性贫血、血小板减少和急性肾损伤。神经系统并发症已有记录，但很少累及小脑。我们报告了一例独特的病例，患者是一名23个月大的男性，因感染大肠杆菌O157（E.coli-O157）引发HUS，导致孤立性小脑中风。患者最初表现为发热、血便和癫痫发作，后经确诊感染了大肠杆菌-O157，核磁共振成像显示为孤立性小脑中风。该病例强调了在 HUS 患者中发生孤立性小脑卒中的不寻常性，强调了及时识别中枢神经系统表现的重要性和多学科方法的必要性。最后，我们进行了全面的文献综述，以确定HUS患者小脑受累的病例。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Neuroradiology 医学-核医学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

3.60%

发文量

214

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Neuroradiology aims to provide state-of-the-art medical and scientific information in the fields of Neuroradiology, Neurosciences, Neurology, Psychiatry, Neurosurgery, and related medical specialities. Neuroradiology as the official Journal of the European Society of Neuroradiology receives submissions from all parts of the world and publishes peer-reviewed original research, comprehensive reviews, educational papers, opinion papers, and short reports on exceptional clinical observations and new technical developments in the field of Neuroimaging and Neurointervention. The journal has subsections for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Advanced Neuroimaging, Paediatric Neuroradiology, Head-Neck-ENT Radiology, Spine Neuroradiology, and for submissions from Japan. Neuroradiology aims to provide new knowledge about and insights into the function and pathology of the human nervous system that may help to better diagnose and treat nervous system diseases. Neuroradiology is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and follows the COPE core practices. Neuroradiology prefers articles that are free of bias, self-critical regarding limitations, transparent and clear in describing study participants, methods, and statistics, and short in presenting results. Before peer-review all submissions are automatically checked by iThenticate to assess for potential overlap in prior publication.