Hydroxyapatite synthesis and characterization from waste animal bones and natural sources for biomedical applications

IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Promise Chinonso Okpe, Oladipo Folorunso, Victor Sunday Aigbodion, Camillus Obayi
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Abstract

Hydroxyapatites (HAps) synthesized from waste animal bones have recently gained attention due to their outstanding properties. This is because there is a need to fabricate scaffolds with desirable mechanical strength, ability to withstand high temperatures, and insoluble in solvents such as water, acetone, ethanol, and isopropyl alcohol. This study is an extensive summary of many articles on the routes of synthesis/preparation of HAp, and the optimum processing parameter, and the biomedical application areas, such as: drug administration, dental implants, bone tissue engineering, orthopedic implant coatings, and tissue regeneration/wound healing. A broad catalog of the synthesis methods (and combination methods), temperature/time, shape/size, and the calcium-to-phosphorous (Ca/P) value of diverse waste animal bone sources were reported. The alkaline hydrolysis method is proposed to be suitable for synthesizing HAp from natural sources due to the technique's ability to produce intrinsic HAp. The method is also preferred to the calcination method owing to the phase transformation that takes place at high temperatures during calcinations. However, calcinations aid in removing impurities and germs during heating at high temperatures. When compared to calcination technique, alkaline hydrolysis method results in crystalline HAp; the higher degree of crystallinity is disadvantageous to HAp bioactivity. In addition, the standardization and removal of impurities and contaminants, thorough biocompatibility to ensure clinical safety of the HAp to the human body, and improvement of the mechanical strength and toughness to match specific requirements for the various biomedical applications are the important areas for future studies.

从废弃动物骨骼和天然来源中合成羟基磷灰石并确定其特性,用于生物医学应用。
最近,从废弃动物骨骼中合成的羟基磷灰石(HAps)因其出色的性能而备受关注。这是因为需要制造具有理想机械强度、耐高温能力和不溶于水、丙酮、乙醇和异丙醇等溶剂的支架。本研究广泛总结了有关 HAp 的合成/制备路线、最佳加工参数以及生物医学应用领域(如:给药、牙科植入物、骨组织工程、整形外科植入物涂层和组织再生/伤口愈合)的许多文章。报告广泛介绍了各种废弃动物骨源的合成方法(和组合方法)、温度/时间、形状/大小和钙磷(Ca/P)值。由于碱性水解法能够产生固有的 HAp,因此被认为适合从天然资源中合成 HAp。由于煅烧过程中会在高温下发生相变,该方法也比煅烧法更受欢迎。不过,煅烧有助于在高温加热过程中去除杂质和病菌。与煅烧技术相比,碱性水解法产生的 HAp 呈结晶状;较高的结晶度不利于 HAp 的生物活性。此外,杂质和污染物的标准化和去除、彻底的生物相容性以确保 HAp 对人体的临床安全性,以及提高机械强度和韧性以满足各种生物医学应用的特定要求,都是未来研究的重要领域。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
2.90%
发文量
199
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research – Part B: Applied Biomaterials is a highly interdisciplinary peer-reviewed journal serving the needs of biomaterials professionals who design, develop, produce and apply biomaterials and medical devices. It has the common focus of biomaterials applied to the human body and covers all disciplines where medical devices are used. Papers are published on biomaterials related to medical device development and manufacture, degradation in the body, nano- and biomimetic- biomaterials interactions, mechanics of biomaterials, implant retrieval and analysis, tissue-biomaterial surface interactions, wound healing, infection, drug delivery, standards and regulation of devices, animal and pre-clinical studies of biomaterials and medical devices, and tissue-biopolymer-material combination products. Manuscripts are published in one of six formats: • original research reports • short research and development reports • scientific reviews • current concepts articles • special reports • editorials Journal of Biomedical Materials Research – Part B: Applied Biomaterials is an official journal of the Society for Biomaterials, Japanese Society for Biomaterials, the Australasian Society for Biomaterials, and the Korean Society for Biomaterials. Manuscripts from all countries are invited but must be in English. Authors are not required to be members of the affiliated Societies, but members of these societies are encouraged to submit their work to the journal for consideration.
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