Gut microbiota signatures of vulnerability to food addiction in mice and humans.

IF 23 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
Gut Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331445
Solveiga Samulėnaitė, Alejandra García-Blanco, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Laura Domingo-Rodríguez, Judit Cabana-Domínguez, Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo, Edurne Gago-García, Laura Pineda-Cirera, Aurelijus Burokas, Jose Espinosa-Carrasco, Silvia Arboleya, Jessica Latorre, Catherine Stanton, Koji Hosomi, Jun Kunisawa, Bru Cormand, Jose Manuel Fernández-Real, Rafael Maldonado, Elena Martín-García
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: Food addiction is a multifactorial disorder characterised by a loss of control over food intake that may promote obesity and alter gut microbiota composition. We have investigated the potential involvement of the gut microbiota in the mechanisms underlying food addiction.

Design: We used the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) 2.0 criteria to classify extreme food addiction in mouse and human subpopulations to identify gut microbiota signatures associated with vulnerability to this disorder.

Results: Both animal and human cohorts showed important similarities in the gut microbiota signatures linked to food addiction. The signatures suggested possible non-beneficial effects of bacteria belonging to the Proteobacteria phylum and potential protective effects of Actinobacteria against the development of food addiction in both cohorts of humans and mice. A decreased relative abundance of the species Blautia wexlerae was observed in addicted humans and of Blautia genus in addicted mice. Administration of the non-digestible carbohydrates, lactulose and rhamnose, known to favour Blautia growth, led to increased relative abundance of Blautia in mice faeces in parallel with dramatic improvements in food addiction. A similar improvement was revealed after oral administration of Blautia wexlerae as a beneficial microbe.

Conclusion: By understanding the crosstalk between this behavioural alteration and gut microbiota, these findings constitute a step forward to future treatments for food addiction and related eating disorders.

小鼠和人类易受食物成瘾影响的肠道微生物群特征。
目的:食物成瘾是一种多因素疾病,其特征是对食物摄入失去控制,这可能会促进肥胖并改变肠道微生物群的组成。我们研究了肠道微生物群在食物成瘾机制中的潜在参与:设计:我们使用耶鲁食物成瘾量表(YFAS)2.0标准对小鼠和人类亚群的极端食物成瘾进行分类,以确定与易患这种疾病有关的肠道微生物群特征:结果:在与食物成瘾相关的肠道微生物群特征方面,动物和人类队列都显示出重要的相似性。这些特征表明,在人类和小鼠队列中,属于变形菌门的细菌可能会对食物成瘾的发生产生无益影响,而放线菌则可能具有保护作用。在上瘾的人体内观察到 Blautia wexlerae 的相对丰度降低,在上瘾的小鼠体内观察到 Blautia 属的相对丰度降低。已知乳糖和鼠李糖等非消化性碳水化合物有利于布劳菌的生长,给这些碳水化合物后,小鼠粪便中布劳菌的相对数量增加,同时食物成瘾的情况也显著改善。在口服布劳菌作为有益微生物后,情况也得到了类似的改善:通过了解这种行为改变与肠道微生物群之间的相互关系,这些发现为未来治疗食物成瘾和相关饮食失调迈出了一步。
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来源期刊
Gut
Gut 医学-胃肠肝病学
CiteScore
45.70
自引率
2.40%
发文量
284
审稿时长
1.5 months
期刊介绍: Gut is a renowned international journal specializing in gastroenterology and hepatology, known for its high-quality clinical research covering the alimentary tract, liver, biliary tree, and pancreas. It offers authoritative and current coverage across all aspects of gastroenterology and hepatology, featuring articles on emerging disease mechanisms and innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches authored by leading experts. As the flagship journal of BMJ's gastroenterology portfolio, Gut is accompanied by two companion journals: Frontline Gastroenterology, focusing on education and practice-oriented papers, and BMJ Open Gastroenterology for open access original research.
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