Characterizing the immune tumor microenvironment in ALK fusion-positive lung cancer: state-of-the-art and therapeutical implications.

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-26 DOI:10.1080/1744666X.2024.2372327

Marco Sposito, Serena Eccher, Luca Pasqualin, Ilaria Mariangela Scaglione, Alice Avancini, Daniela Tregnago, Ilaria Trestini, Jessica Insolda, Adele Bonato, Stefano Ugel, Lisa Derosa, Michele Milella, Sara Pilotto, Lorenzo Belluomini

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Approximately 5% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), exhibits anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements. EML4-ALK fusions account for over 90% of ALK rearrangements in NSCLC. The advent of treatment targeting ALK has significantly improved survival rates in patients with advanced ALK-positive NSCLC. However, the emergence of resistance mechanisms and the subsequent progression disease inevitably occurs. The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a pivotal role in lung cancer, influencing disease development, patient's outcomes, and response to treatments.

Areas covered: The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive characterization of the TIME in ALK rearranged NSCLC and its intrinsic plasticity under treatment pressure.

Expert opinion: Recognizing the fundamental role of the TIME in cancer progression has shifted the paradigm from a tumor cell-centric perspective to the understanding of a complex tumor ecosystem. Understanding the intricate dynamics of the TIME, its influence on treatment response, and the potential of immunotherapy in patients with ALK-positive NSCLC are currently among the primary research objectives in this patient population.

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ALK融合阳性肺癌免疫肿瘤微环境的特征：最新进展和治疗意义。

简介约有5%的非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）表现出无性淋巴瘤激酶（ALK）重排。EML4-ALK融合占非小细胞肺癌ALK重排的90%以上。针对 ALK 的治疗方法的出现大大提高了 ALK 阳性晚期 NSCLC 患者的生存率。然而，耐药机制的出现和随后的疾病进展不可避免。肿瘤免疫微环境（TIME）在肺癌中起着举足轻重的作用，影响着疾病的发展、患者的预后以及对治疗的反应：本综述旨在全面描述 ALK 重排 NSCLC 中肿瘤免疫微环境的特征及其在治疗压力下的内在可塑性：认识到TIME在癌症进展中的基本作用，已经将研究范式从以肿瘤细胞为中心的视角转移到对复杂肿瘤生态系统的理解上。了解TIME的复杂动态、其对治疗反应的影响以及免疫疗法在ALK阳性NSCLC患者中的潜力，是目前该患者群体的主要研究目标之一。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology IMMUNOLOGY-

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

2.30%

发文量

221

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Expert Review of Clinical Immunology (ISSN 1744-666X) provides expert analysis and commentary regarding the performance of new therapeutic and diagnostic modalities in clinical immunology. Members of the International Editorial Advisory Panel of Expert Review of Clinical Immunology are the forefront of their area of expertise. This panel works with our dedicated editorial team to identify the most important and topical review themes and the corresponding expert(s) most appropriate to provide commentary and analysis. All articles are subject to rigorous peer-review, and the finished reviews provide an essential contribution to decision-making in clinical immunology. Articles focus on the following key areas: • Therapeutic overviews of specific immunologic disorders highlighting optimal therapy and prospects for new medicines • Performance and benefits of newly approved therapeutic agents • New diagnostic approaches • Screening and patient stratification • Pharmacoeconomic studies • New therapeutic indications for existing therapies • Adverse effects, occurrence and reduction • Prospects for medicines in late-stage trials approaching regulatory approval • Novel treatment strategies • Epidemiological studies • Commentary and comparison of treatment guidelines Topics include infection and immunity, inflammation, host defense mechanisms, congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies, anaphylaxis and allergy, systemic immune diseases, organ-specific inflammatory diseases, transplantation immunology, endocrinology and diabetes, cancer immunology, neuroimmunology and hematological diseases.