Population genetic structure and demographic history of short mackerel, Rastrelliger brachysoma, in the Gulf of Thailand.

Amnuay Jondeung, Nuntachai Boonjorn
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Abstract

The short mackerel Rastrelliger brachysoma (Bleeker 1851) is an important fish in the Gulf of Thailand (GoT). The biology of this species has been intensively studied, but its genetic diversity is little known. The genetic diversity, population genetic structure, and demographic history of this species in the GoT were studied using complete mt control region sequences. The CR sequences of 455 mackerel samples collected from 23 localities at four fishing grounds revealed 333 haplotypes with haplotype diversity (h) per population, ranging between 0.8933 and 1.000, with an average of 0.9781. In turn, the nucleotide diversity (µ) ranged between 0.0119 ± 0.0060 and 0.0333 ± 0.0174, with an average of 0.0220 ± 0.00059.A haplotype network analysis showed that all sequences segregated into two subgroups named, clade I and clade II. Two clades were separated by 26 mutational steps. Each clade formed star-like clusters with many haplotypes derived from a common haplotype. Moreover, an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed no significant differences among the studied localities, suggesting the presence of a single population in the GoT. Pairwise differences between samples from different fishing regions also indicated no population structure. Both Tajima's D and Fu's FS statistics were highly significant for the two clades but nonsignificant for the entire population according to a mismatch distribution analysis. These results confirmed that both clades experienced demographic expansion. The estimated expansion times for clade I and clade II were 1,542.307 years (1.5423 ka BP) and 7,602.541 (7.6025 ka BP) years, respectively.

泰国湾短鲭鱼的种群遗传结构和人口历史。
短竹荚鱼(Rastrelliger brachysoma,Bleeker 1851 年)是泰国湾(GoT)的一种重要鱼类。人们对该鱼种的生物学特性进行了深入研究,但对其遗传多样性却知之甚少。本研究利用完整的 mt 控制区序列对泰国湾该物种的遗传多样性、种群遗传结构和人口历史进行了研究。从 4 个渔场 23 个地点采集的 455 个鲭鱼样本的 CR 序列显示,每个种群有 333 个单倍型,单倍型多样性(h)在 0.8933 至 1.000 之间,平均为 0.9781。核苷酸多样性(µ)介于 0.0119 ± 0.0060 和 0.0333 ± 0.0174 之间,平均为 0.0220 ± 0.00059。单倍型网络分析显示,所有序列分离为两个亚群,即支系 I 和支系 II。两个支系之间相隔 26 个突变阶梯。每个支系都形成了星状簇,其中许多单倍型来自一个共同的单倍型。此外,分子方差分析(AMOVA)显示,所研究的地点之间没有显著差异,这表明 GoT 存在一个单一的种群。来自不同渔区的样本之间的配对差异也表明没有种群结构。根据错配分布分析,Tajima's D 和 Fu's FS 统计量对两个支系都非常显著,但对整个种群则不显著。这些结果证实两个支系都经历了人口扩张。估计支系 I 和支系 II 的扩张时间分别为 1,542.307 年(1.5423 ka BP)和 7,602.541 年(7.6025 ka BP)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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